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Thromb Haemost 2003; 90(04): 598-606
DOI: 10.1160/TH03-04-0220
Review Article
Schattauer GmbH

Migration of leukocytes through the vessel wall and beyond

Rashmi Yadav
1   Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
,
Karen Y. Larbi
1   Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
,
Rebecca E. Young
1   Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
,
Sussan Nourshargh
1   Cardiovascular Medicine Unit, National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, London, United Kingdom
› Author AffiliationsFinancial support: This work was funded by The Wellcome Trust and the British Heart Foundation.
Further Information

Publication History

Received 09 April 2003

Accepted after revision 16 June 2003

Publication Date:
05 December 2017 (online)

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Summary

The migration of leukocytes from the vascular lumen to sites of infection and/or injury in the extravascular tissue involves a series of sequential and coordinated molecular and cellular events with the resultant primary response being that of reduced leukocyte velocity within the blood stream, followed by leukocyte firm adhesion to endothelial cells lining the vessel wall and eventually migration through the vessel wall. Despite the growing knowledge of the mechanisms that mediate initial interaction of leukocytes with the endothelium, very little is known about the mechanisms that mediate and regulate leukocyte migration through the venular wall, the endothelium and its associated perivascular basement membrane. This review, whilst giving a brief outline of the stepwise cascade of molecular interactions involved in this process and the methods employed to investigate leukocyte migration in vivo, focuses primarily on mechanisms of leukocyte transmigration, the final step in the process of leukocyte emigration. Furthermore, special emphasis is placed on discussing the process and the mechanisms involved in leukocyte migration through the basement membrane, a structure that presents significant impedance to transmigrating leukocytes but is seldom investigated in the context of leukocyte transmigration in vivo. The review also discusses the growing evidence supporting the concept that leukocyte transmigration is not only a response that describes the passage of leukocytes through the venular wall, but also acts as a means of regulating leukocyte responsiveness beyond the vessel wall, i.e. within the extravascular tissue.

This publication was partially financed by Serono Foundation for the Advancement of Medical Science.

Part of this paper was originally presented at the 2nd International Workshop on New Therapeutic Targets in Vascular Biology from February 6-9, 2003 in Geneva, Switzerland.

Keywords

Leukocyte - transmigration - basement membrane
 

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