Download PDF
Psychother Psychosom Med Psychol 2015; 65(05): 163-170
DOI: 10.1055/s-0034-1385940
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Kann Psychotherapie die Lebensqualität von Betroffenen mit Essstörungen verbessern?

Is Psychotherapy Able to Increase Quality of Life in Individuals with Eating Disorders?
Ellen Schlottbohm
1   Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen
,
Sefik Tagay
1   Klinik für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Universität Duisburg-Essen, Essen
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

eingereicht25 September 2013

akzeptiert 20 June 2014

Publication Date:
17 November 2014 (online)

Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Die Lebensqualität von Menschen mit psychischen Störungen ist in der Regel stark reduziert und sollte während der Behandlung mit berücksichtigt werden. Der vorliegende Beitrag bietet eine Übersicht über Studien zur Effektivität von psychotherapeutischen Interventionen zur Verbesserung der Lebensqualität von Betroffenen mit Essstörungen. Eine umfassende elektronische Literaturrecherche ergab 10 Studien, die den Ein- und Ausschlusskriterien unserer Arbeit entsprachen und integriert wurden, 3 davon waren randomisierte Kontrollstudien. Die Art der Interventionen sowie die Messinstrumente zur Erfassung der Lebensqualität unterschieden sich stark zwischen den Studien. Insgesamt zeigte sich eine signifikante Verbesserung der Lebensqualität durch psychotherapeutische Behandlung. Jedoch besteht weiterhin die Frage, welche Faktoren in der Psychotherapie zur Verbesserung der Lebensqualität beitragen. Die Durchführung weiterer randomisierter Kontrollstudien mit standardisierten methodischen Messverfahren wird empfohlen, auch um den Langzeiteffekt von Psychotherapie auf die Lebensqualität bei Essstörungen zu untersuchen.

Abstract

Quality of life in people with mental disorders is often reduced and should be considered during therapy. The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review about the effectiveness of psychotherapeutic interventions on quality of life (QOL) in patients with eating disorders. Therefore, an electronic databases search was performed. From the results, 10 studies were included, of which 3 were randomized controlled trials. All studies varied in the interventions and outcome measures used. The results showed a significant increase of QOL through treatment. Yet, it remains unclear which factors of psychotherapy are able to increase QOL. It is recommended to conduct more randomized controlled trials using standardized outcome measures to assess long-term effects of psychotherapeutic interventions on QOL in eating disorders.

Schlüsselwörter

Lebensqualität - Essstörungen - Anorexia Nervosa - Bulimia Nervosa - Psychotherapie

Keywords

quality of life - eating disorders - anorexia nervosa - bulimia nervosa - psychotherapy
 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Adair CE, Marcoux GC, Cram BS et al. Development and multi-site validation of a new condition-specific quality of life measure for eating disorders. Health Qual Life Out 2007; 5: 23
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 Herpertz S, Herpertz-Dahlmann B, Fichter M et al. Hrsg S3-Leitlinie Diagnostik und Behandlung der Essstörungen. Berlin; Springer: 2011
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Wilson GT. Cognitive behaviour therapy for eating disorders: Problems and progress. Behav Res Ther 1999; 37: 79-95
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Zipfel S, Wild B, Groß G et al. Focal psychodynamic therapy, cognitive behaviour therapy, and optimised treatment as usual in outpatients with anorexia nervosa (ANTOP study): Randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2014; 383: 127-137
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Fichter MM, Quadflieg N, Nisslmüller K et al. Internetbasierte Ansätze in der Therapie von Essstörungen. Nervenarzt 2011; 82: 1107-1117
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Wilson GT, Zandberg LJ. Cognitive-behavioral guided self-help for eating disorders: Effectiveness and scalability. Clin Psy Rev 2012; 32: 343-357
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Ravens-Sieberer U, Cieza A Hrsg Lebensqualitätsforschung und Gesundheitsökonomie in der Medizin. Landsberg: Ecomed; 2000
    Google Scholar
  • 8 Williams SE, Watt TKO, Wade TD. A review of the definitions of outcome used in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. Clin Psychol Rev 2012; 32: 292-300
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 The WHOQOL Group . The World Health Organisation Quality of Life Assessment (WHOQOL): position paper from the World Health Organisation. Soc Sci Med 1995; 41: 1403-1409
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Wahl I, Meyer B, Löwe B et al. Die Erfassung der Lebensqualität in der Psychotherapieforschung. Klin Diagn Eval 2010; 1: 4-21
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Schumacher J, Klaiberg A, Brähler E et al. Hrsg Diagnostische Verfahren zu Lebensqualität und Wohlbefinden. Göttingen: Hogrefe; 2003
    Google Scholar
  • 12 Mond JM, Hay PJ, Rodgers B et al. Assessing quality of life in eating disorder patients. Qual Life Res 2005; 14: 171-178
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Las Hayas C, Quintana JM, Padierna A et al. The new questionnaire Health-Related Quality of Life for Eating Disorders showed good validity and reliability. J Clin Epidemiol 2006; 59: 192-200
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Abraham SF, Brown T, Boyd C et al. Quality of life: Eating disorders. Aust NZ J Psychiat 2006; 40: 150-155
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Engel SG, Wittrock DA, Crosby RD et al. Development and psychometric validation of an eating-disorder-specific health-related quality of life instrument. Int J Eat Disord 2006; 39: 62-71
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Latner JD, Vallance JK, Buckett G. Health-related quality of life in women with eating disorders: Associated with subjective and objective binge eating. J Clin Psychol Med S 2008; 15: 148-153
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 De la Rie S, Noordenbos G, van Furth E. Quality of life and eating disorders. Qual Life Res 2005; 14: 1511-1522
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Jenkins PE, Hoste RR, Meyer C et al. Eating disorders and quality of life: A review of the literature. Clin Psychol Rev 2011; 31: 113-121
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Tagay S, Zick C, Schlegl S et al. Was impliziert die subjektiv empfundene Überwindung der eigenen Essstörung bei Anorexia Nervosa? – Eine Katamnese. J Neurol Neurochir Psychiatr 2009; 10: 42-48
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Engel SG, Adair CE, Las Hayas C et al. Health-related quality of life and eating disorders: A review and update. Int J Eat Disord 2009; 42: 179-187
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 De la Rie S, Noordenbos G, Donker M et al. Evaluating the treatment of eating disorders from the patient’s perspective. Int J Eat Disord 2006; 39: 667-676
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 22 Doll HA, Petersen SE, Stewart-Brown SL. Eating disorders and emotional and physical well-being: Associations between student self-reports of eating disorders and quality of life as measured by the SF-36. Qual Life Res 2005; 14: 705-717
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Hay P. Quality of life and bulimic eating behaviors: Findings from a community-based sample. Int J Eat Disord 2003; 36: 445-450
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Mond JM, Hay PJ, Rodgers B et al. Relationships between exercise behaviour, eating-disordered behavior and quality of life in a community sample of women: When is exercise ‘excessive’?. Eur Eat Disord Rev 2004; 12: 265-272
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Keilen M, Treasure T, Schmidt U et al. Quality of life measurements in eating disorders, angina, and transplant candidates: Are they comparable?. J Roy Soc Med 1994; 87: 441-444
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Linzer M et al. Health-related quality of life in primary care patients with mental disorders. Results from the PRIME-MD 1000 Study. JAMA 1995; 274: 1511-1517
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Padierna AJ, Quintana M, Arostegui I et al. The health-related quality of life in eating disorders. Qual Life Res 2000; 9: 667-674
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Mond J, Hay P, Rodgers B et al. Quality of life impairment in a community sample of women with eating disorders. Aust NZ J Psychiat 2012; 46: 561-681
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Long CG, Fitzgerald KA, Hollin CR. Treatment of chronic anorexia nervosa: A 4-year follow-up of adult patients treated in an acute inpatient setting. Clin Psychol Psychother 2012; 19: 1-13
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Watson HJ, Allen K, Fursland A et al. Does enhanced cognitive behaviour therapy for eating disorders improve quality of life?. Eur Eat Disorders Rev 2012; 20: 393-399
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Tagay S, Düllmann S, Schlegl S et al. Effekte stationärer Psychotherapie auf Essstörungssymptomatik, gesundheitsbezogene Lebensqualität und personale Ressourcen bei Anorexia und Bulimia Nervosa. Psychother Psych Med 2011; 61: 319-326
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Cassin S, Ranson K, Heng K et al. Adapted motivational interviewing for women with binge eating disorder: A randomized controlled trial. Psychol Addict Behav 2008; 22: 417-425
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Sanchez-Ortiz VC, Munro C, Stahl D et al. A randomized controlled trial of internet-based cognitive-behavioural therapy for bulimia nervosa or related disorders in a student population. Psychol Med 2011; 41: 407-417
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Willinge AC, Touyz SW, Thornton C. An evaluation of the effectiveness and short-term stability of an innovative Australian day patient programme for eating disorders. Eur Eat Disorders Rev. 2010; 18: 220-233
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Dunlap WP, Cortina JM, Vaslow JB et al. Meta-analysis of experiments with matched groups or repeated measures designs. Psychol Methods 1996; 1: 170-177
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Cohen J. Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. 2. Aufl. Hillsdale: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates; 1988
    Google Scholar
  • 37 Padierna AJ, Quintana M, Arostegui I et al. Changes in health related quality of life among patients treated for eating disorders. Qual Life Res 2002; 11: 545-552
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Munoz P, Quintana JM, Las Hayas C et al. Assessment of the impact of eating disorders on quality of life using the disease-specific, Health-Related Quality of Life for Eating Disorders (HeRQoLED) questionnaire. Qual Life Res 2009; 18: 1137-1146
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Carrard I, Crépin C, Rouget P et al. Acceptance and efficacy of a guided internet self-help treatment program for obese patients with binge eating disorder. Clin Pract Epidemiol Ment Health 2011; 7: 8-18
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Crow SJ, Agras WS, Halmi KA et al. A cost effectiveness analysis of stepped care treatment for bulimia nervosa. Int J Eat Dis 2013; 46: 302-307
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Banasiak SJ, Paxton SJ, Hay P. Guided self-help for bulimia nervosa in primary care: A randomized controlled trial. Psychol Med 2005; 35: 1283-1294
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Kaplan RM. Health-Related Quality of Life in Mental Health Service Evaluation. New York: Wiley; 1999
    Google Scholar
  • 43 American Psychiatric Association . Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. 4th ed. Washington DC: American Psychiatric Association; 1994
    Google Scholar
  • 44 Bullinger M, Kirchberger I. SF-36 Fragebogen zum Gesundheitszustand. Göttingen: Hogrefe; 1998
    Google Scholar
  • 45 Fairburn CF. Cognitive behavior therapy and eating disorders. New York: Guilford Press; 2008
    Google Scholar
  • 46 Endicott J, Nee J, Harrison W et al. Quality of Life Enjoyment and Satisfaction Questionnaire: A new measure. Psychopharmacol Bull 1993; 29: 321-326
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Dilling H, Mombour W, Schmidt MH. Internationale Klassifikation psychischer Störungen. ICD-10 Kapitel V (F). Göttingen: Huber; 1991
    Google Scholar
  • 48 Williams CJ, Aubin SD, Cottrell D et al. Overcoming bulimia: A self-help package (computer software). Leeds: University of Leeds; 1998
    Google Scholar
  • 49 Wittchen HU, Zaudig M, Fydrich T. Strukturiertes Klinisches Interview für DSM-IV. Göttingen: Hogrefe. 1997
    Google Scholar
  • 50 The WHOQOL Group . Development of the World Health Organization WHOQOL-BREF quality of life assessment. Psychol Med 1998; 28: 551-558
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Kolotkin RL, Crosby RD, Kosloski KD et al. Development of a brief measure to assess quality of life in obesity. Obes 2001; 9: 102-111
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 Cooper PJ. Bulimia Nervosa and Binge-Eating: A Guide to recovery. (revised edn). London: Robinson Publishing Ltd; 1995
    Google Scholar
  • 53 Diener E, Emmons RA, Larsen RJ et al. The Satisfaction with Life Scale. J Pers Assess 1985; 49: 71-75
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 54 Alfonso VC, Allison DB, Rader DE et al. The extended satisfaction with life scale: Development and psychometric properties. Soc Indic Res 1996; 38: 275-301
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 55 Voderholzer U, Cuntz U, Schlegl S et al. Essstörungen. Nervenarzt 2012; 83: 1458-1467
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 56 Sy R, Ponton K, de Marco P et al. Quality of Life in Anorexia Nervosa: A Review of the Literature. Eat Disord 2013; 21: 206-222
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 57 Eichenberg C. Zur Rolle moderner Medien in der Psychotherapie – Stand und Perspektiven. PiD 2011; 2: 102-106
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 58 Eichenberg C, Ott R. Klinisch-psychologische Intervention im Internet: Ein Review zu empirischen Befunden störungsspezifischer Angebote. Psychotherapeut 2012; 1: 58-69
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 59 Williams SE, Watts TKO, Wade TD. A review of the definitions of outcome used in the treatment of bulimia nervosa. Clin Psychol Rev 2012; 32: 292-300
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 60 Campbell M. Drop-Out from Treatment for the Eating Disorders: A Problem for Clinicians and Researchers. Eur Eat Disorders Rev 2009; 17: 239-242
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar