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CC BY 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2024; 18(03): 796-807
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776335
Original Article

Shear Bond Strength of Simulated Single-Retainer Resin-Bonded Bridges Made of Four CAD/CAM Materials for Maxillary Lateral Incisor Agenesis Rehabilitation

Maria João Calheiros-Lobo 
1   UNIPRO - Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), Gandra, Portugal
2   Conservative Dentistry, Department of Dental Sciences, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS(IUCS-CESPU), Gandra, Portugal
,
João Mário Calheiros-Lobo
3   Dental Prosthetist, Private Prosthesis Laboratory, São Mamede Infesta, Portugal
,
Ricardo Carbas
4   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
5   INEGI - Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
,
Lucas F. M. da Silva
4   Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
5   INEGI - Institute of Science and Innovation in Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
,
Teresa Pinho
1   UNIPRO - Oral Pathology and Rehabilitation Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences (IUCS-CESPU), Gandra, Portugal
6   Institute for Molecular and Cell Biology (IBMC), Institute of Innovation and Investigation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
› Author Affiliations Funding This research was funded by CESPU, CRL (Grant number: AlignAgen-GI2-CESPU-2022).
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Abstract

Objectives Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis (MLIA), treated orthodontically by space opening, requires complimentary aesthetic rehabilitation. Resin-bonded bridges (RBBs) can be equated as interim rehabilitation until skeletal maturity is achieved to place an implant-supported crown or as definitive rehabilitation in case of financial restrictions or implant contraindications. Scientific evidence of the best material must be confirmed in specific clinical situations. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) materials are promising versatile restorative options. This study aimed to identify a straightforward material to deliver interim or definitive RBBs for nonprepared tooth replacement in MLIA.

Materials and Methods Single-retainer RBB made from CAD/CAM ceramic blocks (Vita Enamic [ENA], Suprinity [SUP], and zirconia [Y-ZPT]) and a three-dimensional (3D) printed material (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene [ABS]) were evaluated by shear bond strength (SBS) and mode of failure, after adherence to an artificial tooth with RelyX Ultimate used in a three-step adhesive strategy.

Statistical Analysis The load to fracture (N) was recorded, and the mean shear stress (MPa) was calculated with standard deviations (SD) for each group and compared between materials using boxplot graphics. One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Tukey–Kramer post hoc test was used to compare the differences (α = 0.05). A meta-analysis focusing on CAD/CAM materials evaluated the magnitude of the difference between groups based on differences in means and effect sizes (α = 0.05; 95% confidence interval [CI]; Z-value = 1.96). Failure mode was determined by microscopic observation and correlated with the maximum load to fracture of the specimen.

Results The mean ± SD SBS values were ENA (24.24 ± 9.05 MPa) < ABS (24.01 ± 1.94 MPa) < SUP (29.17 ± 4.78 MPa) < Y-ZPT (37.43 ± 12.20 MPa). The failure modes were mainly adhesive for Y-ZPT, cohesive for SUP and ENA, and cohesive with plastic deformation for ABS.

Conclusion Vita Enamic, Suprinity, Y-ZPT zirconia, and 3D-printed ABS RBBs are optional materials for rehabilitating MLIA. The option for each material is conditioned to estimate the time of use and necessity of removal for orthodontic or surgical techniques.

Keywords

3D additive manufacturing - adhesion - CAD/CAM - maxillary lateral incisor agenesis - monolithic ceramics - shear bond strength - surface energy

Data Availability Statement

The data presented in this study are available in the article.


Authors' Contribution

M.J.C.L. and R.C. conceptualized the study. M.J.C.L. was responsible for the methodology, formal analysis, writing—original draft preparation, and visualization. M.J.C.L. and J.M.C.L were responsible for the software and resources. Validation was done by M.J.C.L., R.C., and L.F.M.S. Investigation was done by M.J.C.L., J.M.C.L., and R.C. Data curation was done by R.C., while M.J.C.L. and L.F.M.S. contributed to writing, reviewing, and editing of the manuscript. T.P. was responsible for supervision, project administration, and fund acquisition. All the authors have read and agreed to the final version of the manuscript.


All authors contributed equally to this work.




Publication History

Article published online:
29 December 2023

© 2023. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

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