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DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-923797
Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart KG · New York
Crosstalk between Auxin, Cytokinins, and Sugars in the Plant Cell Cycle
Publication History
Received: September 13, 2005
Accepted: November 18, 2005
Publication Date:
13 March 2006 (online)
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Abstract
Plant meristems are utilization sinks, in which cell division activity governs sink strength. However, the molecular mechanisms by which cell division activity and sink strength are adjusted to a plant's developmental program in its environmental setting are not well understood. Mitogenic hormonal as well as metabolic signals drive and modulate the cell cycle, but a coherent idea of how this is accomplished, is still missing. Auxin and cytokinins are known as endogenous mitogens whose concentrations and timing, however, can be externally affected. Although the sites and mechanisms of signal interaction in cell cycle control have not yet been unravelled, crosstalk of sugar and phytohormone signals could be localized to several biochemical levels. At the expression level of cell cycle control genes, like cyclins, Cdks, and others, synergistic but also antagonistic interactions could be demonstrated. Another level of crosstalk is that of signal generation or modulation. Cytokinins affect the activity of extracellular invertases and hexose-uptake carriers and thus impinge on an intracellular sugar signal. With tobacco BY-2 cells, a coordinated control of cell cycle activity at both regulatory levels could be shown. Comparison of the results obtained with the root cell-representing BY-2 cells with literature data from shoot tissues or green cell cultures of Arabidopsis and Chenopodium suggests opposed and tissue-specific regulatory patterns of mitogenic signals and signal crosstalk in root and shoot meristems.
Key words
Cell cycle - crosstalk - sugar - cytokinin - auxin - plant hormones
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K. Hartig
Department of Plant Physiology
University of Bayreuth
Universitätsstraße 30
95440 Bayreuth
Germany
Email: katja.hartig@uni-bayreuth.de
Guest Editor: R. Reski