In vitro Propagation of Galphimia glauca and Content of the Sedative Compound Galphimine-B in Wild and Micropropagated Plants

Abstract

An in vitro micropropagation protocol is described for Galphimia glauca Cav. (Malpighighiaceae). Multiple shoots were formed in vitro from axillary bud explants inoculated on MS medium supplemented with indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and kinetin (KN) combinations. A maximum of 20 shoots was obtained from a single bud in a 60-day culture period. In vitro-grown shoots were successfully rooted and transferred to field conditions (90 % survival). The sedative triterpenoid galphimine-B (1) content of micropropagated plants transferred to field conditions was similar to that of wild plants. Our results suggest that the in vitro propagation protocol described here will have positive effects on conservation of natural resources as well as on adequate techniques for multiplication of an important Mexican medicinal plant.

References

• 1 Tortoriello J, Romero O. Plants used by Mexican traditional medicine with presumable sedative properties: an ethnobotanical approach.  Arch Med Res. 1992;  23 111-6
• 2 Tortoriello J, Lozoya X. Effect of Galphimia glauca methanolic extract on neuropharmacological tests.  Planta Med. 1992;  58 234-6
• 3 Dorsch W, Bittinger M, Kaas A, Müller A, Kreher B, Wagner H. Antiasthmatic effects of Galphimia glauca, gallic acid and related compounds prevent allergen and platelet-activating factor-induced bronchial obstruction as well as bronchial hyperreactivity in guinea pigs.  Int Arch Allergy Immunol. 1992;  97 1-7
• 4 Toscano R A, Ortega A, Maldonado E, Gaviño R, Lozoya X, Tortoriello J. Structure of galphimine B.  Acta Crystallogr. 1993;  C49 774-6
• 5 Tortoriello J, Ortega A. Sedative effects of galphimine B, a nor-seco-triterpenoid from Galphimia glauca .  Planta Med. 1993;  59 398-400
• 6 Tortoriello J, Ortega A, Herrera-Ruiz M, Trujillo J, Reyes-Vazquez C. Galphimine-B modifies electrical activity of ventral tegmental area neurons in rats.  Planta Med. 1998;  64 309-13
• 7 Osuna L, Pereda-Miranda R, Tortoriello J, Villarreal M L. Production of the sedative triterpene galphimine B in Galphimia glauca tissue culture.  Planta Med. 1999;  65 149-52
• 8 Osuna L, Pereda-Miranda R, Villarreal M L. In vitro production of sedative galphimine B by cell suspension cultures of Galphimia glauca .  Biotech Lett. 2002;  24 257-61
• 9 Nader B, Cardoso A, Iturriaga G, Pereda-Miranda R, Villarreal M L. Genetic transformation of Galphimia glauca by Agrobacterium rhizhogenes and the production of norfriedelanes.  Planta Med. 2004;  70 1174-9
• 10 Dowdy S, Wearden S. Statistics for Research. Chichester; John Wiley & Sons 1983: p 530