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Semin intervent Radiol 2023; 40(01): 003-008
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764281
Review Article

Cirrhosis and Sarcopenia

Shivani Jain
1   Department of Interventional Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
,
Samantha Parrotte
1   Department of Interventional Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
,
Chikamuche Anyanwu
1   Department of Interventional Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
,
Alexandra H. Fairchild
1   Department of Interventional Radiology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana
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Abstract

Sarcopenia is a progressive muscle wasting syndrome involving loss in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function. It is closely associated with cirrhosis and its complications with up to more than half of cirrhotic patients demonstrating imaging findings of sarcopenia. The pathogenesis of this syndrome remains complex, including multiple factors involved in skeletal muscle homeostasis, systemic inflammation, and energy dysregulation. Many modalities exist in assessing and measuring sarcopenia. The use of cross-sectional imaging, such as computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging, with accurate and clinically proven assessment software should be considered the gold standard. Sarcopenia has become the focus of ongoing extensive research with initial findings highlighting increased mortality and complication rates in patient with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Additional studies have demonstrated reversal and improved survival in sarcopenic patients who have undergone transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt placement. Thus, accounting for sarcopenia can help risk stratify patients prior to interventional procedures to allow for better outcomes and improved survival.

Keywords

sarcopenia - cirrhosis - computed tomography - transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt - interventional radiology

Disclosures

This study was not supported by any funding. The author(s) received no financial support for the preparation of this article for publication. The authors have no disclosures.




Publication History

Article published online:
04 May 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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