Knochenhistologie bei renaler Osteodystrophie

Zusammenfassung

Chronische Nierenfunktionseinschränkungen führen am Knochen zu Stoffwechsel- und Strukturschäden, deren differenzierte Beurteilung vor allem durch die histologische Aufarbeitung von Knochenbioptaten möglich ist. Die internationale Klassifikation unterscheidet vier Formen der renalen Osteodystrophie (ROD). Dabei wird zwischen renalem Hyperparathyreoidismus (Osteitis fibrosa), Osteomalazie, gemischter urämischer Osteodystrophie und adynamer renaler Knochenerkrankung unterschieden. In der Arbeit werden die Methoden der Knochenentnahme und -bearbeitung, typische histologische Befunde sowie die Indikationen zur osteologischen Beckenkammbiopsie dargestellt.

Summary

Impaired renal function causes disturbances in mineral and bone metabolism which can be differenciated by bone biopsy only. The international classification separates 4 forms of renal osteodystrophy: hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia, mixed uremic osteodystrophy and adynamic renal bone disease. Methods of bone biopsy, preparation of bone samples, characteristic findings of several forms of renal osteodystrophy and indications for bone biopsy are summarized.

Schlüsselwörter

Renale Osteodystrophie - Beckenkammbiopsie - Histomorphometrie

Keywords

Renal osteodystrophy - bone biopsy - histomorphometry

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