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Semin Reprod Med 2016; 34(01): 036-041
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1570028
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Placental Epigenetics in Children's Environmental Health

Carmen J. Marsit
1   Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
2   Department of Epidemiology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, New Hampshire
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Publication History

Publication Date:
22 December 2015 (online)

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Abstract

There is a growing interest in understanding the mechanisms that drive the developmental origins of health and disease, and the role of epigenetic regulation has risen to the forefront of these studies. In particular, the placenta may be a model organ to consider as a mediator of the impact of the environment on developmental programming of children's health, as this organ plays a critical role in directing development and regulating the fetal environment. Several recent studies have begun to examine how environmental toxicant exposures can impact the placental epigenome, focusing on studies of DNA methylation and microRNA expression. This review highlights several of these studies and emphasizes the potential the placenta may hold on the broader understanding of the impact of the intrauterine environment on long-term health.

Keywords

placenta - DNA methylation - fetal programming - biomarker - developmental origins - microRNA
 

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