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J Reconstr Microsurg 2016; 32(03): 200-207
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1565264
Original Article
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Effects of Muscone on Random Skin Flap Survival in Rats

Zhou Kailiang
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
,
Zhang Yihui
2   Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
,
Lin Dingsheng
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
,
Tao Xianyao
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University Wenzhou, China
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

02 June 2015

23 August 2015

Publication Date:
16 October 2015 (online)

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Abstract

Background The necrosis of a distal area of random skin flap remains challenging. Muscone can increase blood flow and reduce ischemia–reperfusion injury, this study was undertaken to investigate the effects of muscone on random skin flap survival.

Materials McFarlane flaps were established in 72 rats and divided into two groups. The test group received intraperitoneal injections of muscone (0.64 mg/kg/d); control rats received intraperitoneal injections of saline. The percentage flap survival area and tissue water content were measured after 7 days. Flap angiogenesis was assessed via lead oxide-gelatin angiography, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry and western blotting for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). The extent of apoptosis was evaluated by immunohistochemistry for cleaved caspase 3 and western blotting for cleaved caspase 3, Bax, and Bcl2. Oxidative stress status was assessed by measuring the activity of tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content.

Results Compared with controls, muscone-treated flaps displayed greater survival area lower tissue water content. Muscone increased skin flap angiogenesis and activated VEGF expression. SOD activity and MDA content indicated lower oxidative stress in muscone-treated flaps than controls, and western blotting and immunohistochemistry revealed significantly lower apoptosis.

Conclusion Muscone have a positive effect to promote the survival of random skin flap.

Keywords

muscone - random flap survival - edema - oxidative stress - apoptosis
 

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