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DOI: 10.1055/s-0031-1273369
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Die zeitgemäße Therapie der kompletten Ruptur des M. pectoralis major
Current Treatment Options for Complete Ruptures of the Pectoralis Major TendonPublication History
Publication Date:
15 September 2011 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die komplette Ruptur der Sehne des M. pectoralis major wird in der klinischen Praxis mit zunehmender Häufigkeit gesehen. Die Mehrzahl der in klinischen Studien eingeschlossenen Patienten sind Hochleistungssportler. Es finden sich jedoch Fallberichte über handwerklich tätige Arbeiter, Bewohner von Pflegeheimen und traumatische Rupturen als Folge unterschiedlicher Unfallmechanismen. Insbesondere im Patientenkollektiv der Athleten zeigte sich eine deutliche Zunahme der Inzidenz in den letzten Jahren. Als Ursache wurde die höhere Anzahl von Athleten in Hochbelastungssportarten mit konsekutiv erhöhtem Rupturrisiko durch vermehrte Belastung angesehen. In aktuellen Studien finden sich nur wenige Empfehlungen für eine allein konservative Behandlung; insbesondere für die Gruppe der Athleten überwiegt die Empfehlung zur frühen primären operativen Versorgung der Verletzung. Der Vergleich der Ergebnisse zeigt die Überlegenheit der chirurgischen Therapie hinsichtlich Kosmetik, Funktion und Wiedererlangung der muskulären Kraft gegenüber der konservativen Behandlung. Zusammenfassend ist nach aktueller Studienlage die operative Naht der Sehne die Behandlung der Wahl für komplette Rupturen bei Athleten. Eine eindeutige Aussage kann in anderen Patientenkollektiven aufgrund der geringen Fallzahl nicht studienbasiert getroffen werden. Hier hat die konservative Behandlung in Einzelfallentscheidungen ihren Stellenwert.
Abstract
The rupture of the pectoralis major tendon is an uncommon pathological condition that is reported in literature to prevail among athletes, although also case reports and case series of nursing home residents or workers can be found, as well as traumatic lesions. Among athletes, pectoralis major tendon ruptures have shown a significant increase in incidence over the last years. This may be due to the higher number of individuals taking part in high-impact sports and weight-lifting. In the recent literature, there are only few recommendations to rely on conservative treatment alone. Especially in athletes, numerous case reports and series give the recommendation for an early surgical intervention. Comparing the results of the two treatment plans, there is some evidence for a superior outcome after surgical repair with better cosmesis, better functional results, better recovery of muscle power and return to sports compared to the conservative treatment. In summary, anatomic surgical repair is the treatment of choice for complete acute ruptures of the pectoralis major tendon or muscle in athletes. In all other cases, especially in the elderly, conservative treatment remains an important option.
Schlüsselwörter
Muskelverletzung - M.-Pectoralis-Ruptur - Sportverletzung - Bodybuilding - Sehnenruptur - Kraftsport
Key words
muscle rupture - pectoralis muscle rupture - sports injury - body-building - tendon rupture - athletic sport
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OA Dr. Thilo Patzer
Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Orthopädische Klinik
Moorenstr. 5
40225 Düsseldorf
Email: th.patzer@web.de