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Synthesis
DOI: 10.1055/a-2575-9886
paper

"On-Water" Synthesis of Indolyl Benzo[b]carbazoles via LiCl-Promoted HBF4-Catalyzed Annulation of Ortho-Formylarylketones with Indoles

Xinxin Li
1   Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China (Ringgold ID: RIN118412)
,
Jun Yang
1   Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China (Ringgold ID: RIN118412)
,
Tianxing Li
1   Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China (Ringgold ID: RIN118412)
,
Chen Zhu
1   Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China (Ringgold ID: RIN118412)
,
HUI JIN 
1   Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China (Ringgold ID: RIN118412)
,
Lixin Zhang
1   Institute of Functional Molecules, Shenyang University of Chemical Technology, Shenyang, China (Ringgold ID: RIN118412)
› Author AffiliationsSupported by: Science Research Project of Shenyang University of Chemical Technology 2022YQ009
Supported by: Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province 2023-MSLH-274
Supported by: National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Development of Boron and Magnesium Resources and Fine Chemical Technology LJ232410149002
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A LiCl-promoted, HBF4-catalyzed intermolecular cascade cyclization of indoles and ortho-formylarylketones has been developed, utilizing saturated LiCl solutions as the solvent for the rapid synthesis of indolyl benzo[b]carbazoles. This 'on-water' synthetic approach exhibits excellent functional group tolerance, a broad substrate scope, and scalability, making it suitable for practical applications. Additionally, the fluorescence emission properties of the synthesized indolyl benzo[b]carbazole compounds were systematically investigated.



Publication History

Received: 20 February 2025

Accepted after revision: 04 April 2025

Accepted Manuscript online:
04 April 2025

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