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DOI: 10.1055/a-2520-0095
ortho-Formylation of Phenols: The Casnati–Skattebøl Reaction in the Synthesis of Biologically Active Substances
The support of the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation is gratefully acknowledged.

Abstract
The Casnati–Skattebøl reaction is an effective method for achieving ortho-formylation of phenols to provide salicylaldehydes. The conversion involves the reaction of magnesium phenolates with formaldehyde followed by an oxidation of the intermediate hydroxymethyl group. This reaction has been used in the synthesis of numerous biologically active substances and natural products, which is the subject of this review.
1 Introduction
2 General Aspects
2.1 Synthesis of Compounds with Biological Activity
2.2 Alternative Formylation Methods
3 Summary
Publication History
Received: 15 November 2024
Accepted after revision: 20 January 2025
Accepted Manuscript online:
20 January 2025
Article published online:
06 March 2025
© 2025. Thieme. All rights reserved
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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