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Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2019; 236(09): 1081-1090
DOI: 10.1055/a-0972-9993
Übersicht
Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Nahrungsergänzungsmittel und „Lifestyle“

Dietary Supplements and “Lifestyle”
Deborah Christof
Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
,
Maria Andreea Gamulescu
Klinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

eingereicht 03 April 2019

akzeptiert 03 June 2019

Publication Date:
11 September 2019 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Aktuell ist eine Therapie der nicht exsudativen altersabhängigen Makuladegeneration (AMD) – im Gegensatz zu der exsudativen Form – nicht möglich. Eine präventive Wirkung und ein verlangsamtes Fortschreiten der Erkrankung erhoffen sich viele Betroffene von den sich auf dem Markt befindenden Nahrungsergänzungsmitteln. Die darin enthaltenen Stoffe sollen das oxidative Milieu im Bereich der äußeren Netzhaut reduzieren und so den Zellschaden und damit die Progression der AMD verlangsamen. Die ARED-Studien (ARED: Age-Related Eye Disease) untersuchten bestimmte dieser Nahrungsergänzungsmittel auf ihre Wirksamkeit, das Risiko des Fortschreitens der AMD in die Spätformen zu vermindern. Sie sind die einzigen interventionellen groß angelegten, prospektiven, randomisierten und kontrollierten klinischen Studien und werden immer wieder als Basis für die Nahrungsergänzung bei der AMD herangezogen. In diesem Artikel soll die Rationale für die Verwendung bestimmter Inhaltsstoffe der AREDS-Nahrungsergänzungsmittel besprochen und die Ergebnisse der ARED-Studien kritisch beleuchtet werden. Weiterhin soll der moderne Begriff des „Lifestyle“ im Kontext der AMD als weitere Möglichkeit der Einflussnahme jedes Einzelnen auf die Progression der Erkrankung thematisiert und diskutiert werden.

Abstract

Currently, for non-exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD), therapy is not possible–in contrast to the exudative form. Many patients hope for a preventive effect and a slower progression of the disease from the dietary supplements on the market. The substances contained in them are supposed to reduce the oxidative environment in the outer retina and, thereby, slow down the cell damage and the progression of AMD. The Age-Related Eye Disease Studies (AREDS) examined certain supplements for their effectiveness in reducing the risk of AMD progression. They are the only interventional large-scale, prospective, randomized and controlled clinical trials and are repeatedly used as the basis for dietary supplementation in AMD. This article discusses the rationale for the use of certain ingredients of AREDS supplements and critically examines the results of AREDS. Furthermore, the modern term “lifestyle” will be discussed in the context of AMD as a possibility to influence the progression of this disease.

Schlüsselwörter

Retina - AREDS - Nahrungsergänzungsmittel - Lifestyle

Key words

retina - AREDS - dietary supplement - life style
 

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