Download PDF
Methods Inf Med 2015; 54(02): 127-134
DOI: 10.3414/ME14-02-0002
Focus Theme – Original Articles
Schattauer GmbH

A Novel Virtual Motor Rehabilitation System for Guillain-Barré Syndrome

Two Single Case Studies
S. Albiol-Pérez
1   Dpto. de Informática e Ingeniería de Sistemas, Universidad de Zaragoza, Teruel, Spain
2   Prometeo, Departamento de Eléctrica y Electrónica, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Sangolquí, Ecuador
3   Prometeo Project Researcher (SENESCYT), Ecuador
,
M. Forcano-García
4   Hospital S. José, Teruel, Spain
,
M. T. Muñoz-Tomás
4   Hospital S. José, Teruel, Spain
,
P. Manzano-Fernández
4   Hospital S. José, Teruel, Spain
,
S. Solsona-Hernández
4   Hospital S. José, Teruel, Spain
,
M. A. Mashat
5   Medical Education Department, Faculty of Medicine King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
,
J. A. Gil-Gómez
6   Instituto Universitario de Automática e Informática Industrial, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

received: 14 January 2014

accepted: 02 January 2014

Publication Date:
22 January 2018 (online)

    Permissions and Reprints

Summary

Introduction: This article is part of the Focus Theme of Methods of Information in Medicine on “New Methodologies for Patients Rehabilitation”.

Objectives: For Guillain-Barré patients, motor rehabilitation programs are helpful at the onset to prevent the complications of paralysis and in cases of persistent motor impairment. Traditional motor rehabilitation programs may be tedious and monotonous, resulting in low adherence to the treatments. A Virtual Motor Rehabilitation system has been tested in Guillain-Barré patients to increase patient adherence and to improve clinical results.

Methods: Two people with Guillain-Barré performed 20 rehabilitation sessions. We tested a novel system based on Motor Virtual Rehabilitation in three periods of time (baseline evaluation, final evaluation, and follow-up. In the training program, the participants carried out a specific treatment using the Active Balance Rehabilitation system (ABAR). The system is composed of customizable virtual games to perform static and dynamic balance rehabilitation.

Results: Significant improvements in clinical results were obtained by both participants, with significant results in the static balance clinical test of the Anterior Reach test in the standing position and unipedal stance time. Other significant results were found in dynamic balance clinical tests in the Berg Balance Scale test and the 30-second Sit-to-Stand test. With regard to acceptance of the system, both patients enjoyed the experience, and both patients thought that this system was helpful for their rehabilitation.

Conclusions: The results show that Virtual Motor Rehabilitation for Guillain-Barré patients provides clinical improvements in an entertaining way.

Keywords

Guillain-Barré - postural control - balance disorders - virtual motor rehabilitation - virtual reality - balance rehabilitation
 

  • References

  • 1 Asbury AK, Cornblath DR. Assessment of current diagnostic criteria for Guillain-Barré syndrome. Ann Neurol 1990; 27 Suppl S21-24.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 2 McGrogan A, Madle GC, Seaman HE, de Vries CS. The epidemiology of Guillain-Barré syndrome worldwide. A systematic literature review. Neuroepidemiology 2009; 32 (02) 150-163.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Sejvar JJ, Baughman AL, Wise M, Morgan OW. Population incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiology 2011; 36 (02) 123-133.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Briscoe DM, McMenamin JB, O’Donohoe NV. Prognosis in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Arch Dis Child 1987; 62 (07) 733-735.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 5 Burns TM. Guillain-Barré syndrome. Semin Neurol 2008; 28 (02) 152-167.
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Verma R, Chaudhari TS, Giri P. Unilateral facial palsy in Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS): a rare occurrence. BMJ Case Rep. 2012
    Google Scholar
  • 7 Misra I, Temesgen FD, Soleiman N, Kalyanam J, Kurukumbi M. Myasthenia gravis presenting like Guillain-Barré syndrome. Case Rep Neurol 2012; 4 (03) 137-143.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Takazawa T, Ikeda K, Murata K, Kawase Y, Hirayama T, Ohtsu M. et al Sudden deafness and facial diplegia in Guillain-Barré Syndrome: radiological depiction of facial and acoustic nerve lesions. Intern Med 2012; 51 (17) 2433.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 9 Orlikowski D, Sharshar T, Porcher R, Annane D, Raphael JC, Clair B. Prognosis and risk factors of early onset pneumonia in ventilated patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Intensive Care Med 2006; 32 (12) 1962-1969.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 10 Pfeiffer G. Dysautonomia in Guillain-Barré syndrome. Nervenarzt 1999; 70 (02) 136-148.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Dimachkie MM, Barohn RJ. Guillain-Barré syndrome and variants. Neurol Clin 2013; 31 (02) 491-510.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Ropper AH. The Guillain-Barré syndrome. N Engl J Med 1992; 326 (17) 1130-1136. Review.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 Oh SJ, Kurokawa K, de Almeida DF, Ryan Jr HF, Claussen GC. Subacute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy. Neurology 2003; 61 (11) 1507-1512.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 14 Drenthen J, Maathuis EM, Visser GH, van Doorn PA, Blok JH, Jacobs BC. Limb motor nerve dysfunction in Miller Fisher syndrome. J Peripher Nerv Syst 2013; 18 (01) 25-29.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Fujii D, Manabe Y, Takahasi Y, Narai H, Omori N, Kusunoki S. et al A case of Fisher-Bickerstaff syndrome overlapped by Guillain-Barré syndrome. Case Rep Neurol 2012; 4 (03) 212-215.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Chen AC, Chen CM, Chang HR, Yeo KJ, Tsao SM, Hsiao PC. et al Complicated acute motor axonal neuropathy with delayed acute respiratory distress syndrome and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis: a case report. Acta Neurol Taiwan 2013; 22 (01) 26-31.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Cheng J, Kahn DE, Wang MY. The acute motor-sensory axonal neuropathy variant of Guillain-Barré syndrome after thoracic spine surgery. J Neurosurg Spine 2011; 15 (06) 605-609.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Sejvar JJ, Baughman AL, Wise M, Morgan OW. Population incidence of Guillain-Barré syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Neuroepidemiology 2011; 36 (02) 123-133.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Kuwabara S, Yuki N. Axonal Guillain-Barré syndrome: concepts and controversies. Lancet Neurol 2013; 12 (12) 1180-1188.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Islam Z, Jacobs BC, van Belkum A, Mohammad QD, Islam MB, Herbrink P. et al Axonal variant of Guillain-Barre syndrome associated with Campylobacter infection in Bangladesh. Neurology 2010; 74 (07) 581-587.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Sankhyan N, Sharma S, Konanki R, Gulati S. Childhood Guillain-Barré syndrome subtypes in northern India. J Clin Neurosci. 2013
    Google Scholar
  • 22 Kuwabara S, Ogawara K, Koga M, Mori M, Hattori T, Yuki N. Hyperreflexia in Guillain-Barré syndrome: relation with acute motor axonal neuropathy and anti-GM1 antibody. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1999; 67 (02) 180-184.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Rostásy KM, Huppke P, Beckers B, Brockmann K, Degenhardt V, Wesche B. et al Acute motor and sensory axonal neuropathy (AMSAN) in a 15-year-old boy presenting with severe pain and distal muscle weakness. Neuropediatrics 2005; 36 (04) 260-264.
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Odaka M, Yuki N, Hirata K. Anti-GQ1b IgG antibody syndrome: clinical and immunological range. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001; 70 (01) 50-55.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Drenthen J, Jacobs BC, Maathuis EM, van Doorn PA, Visser GH, Blok JH. Residual fatigue in Guillain-Barre syndrome is related to axonal loss. Neurology. 2013
    Google Scholar
  • 26 Hughes RA, Wijdicks EF, Benson E, Cornblath DR, Hahn AF, Meythaler JM. et al Multidisciplinary Consensus Group. Supportive care for patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome. Arch Neurol 2005; 62 (08) 1194-1198.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Orsini M, de Freitas MRG, Presto B, Mello MP, Reis CHM, Silveira V. et al Guideline for Neuromuscular Rehabilitation in Guillain-Barré Syndrome: What can we do?. Rev Neurocienc 2010; 18 (04) 572-580.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Khan F, Ng L, Amatya B, Brand C, Turner-Stokes L. Multidisciplinary care for Guillain-Barré syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2010: 10.
    Google Scholar
  • 29 Khan F, Amatya B. Rehabilitation interventions in patients with acute demyelinating inflammatory polyneuropathy: a systematic review. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med 2012; 48 (03) 507-522.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Garssen MP, Bussmann JB, Schmitz I P, Zandbergen A, Welter TG, Merkies IS. et al Physical training and fatigue, fitness, and quality of life in Guillain-Barré syndrome and CIDP. Neurology 2004; 63 (12) 2393-2395.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 31 El Mhandi L, Calmels P, Camdessanché JP, Gautheron V, Féasson L. Muscle strength recovery in treated Guillain-Barré syndrome: a prospective study for the first 18 months after onset. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2007; 86 (09) 716-724.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 32 Lange B, Koenig S, Chang CY, McConnell E, Suma E, Bolas M. et al Designing Informed Game-Based Rehabilitation Tasks Leveraging Advances in Virtual Reality. Disability and Rehabilitation 2012; 34: 1863-1870.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Forcano García M, Albiol-Pérez S, Aula-Valero MC, Gil-Gómez JA, Solsona Hernández S, Manzano-Hernández P. Balance virtual rehabilitation in the elderly: The use of the “ABAR” system. European Geriatric Medicine 2013; 4: S109.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 34 Koch S, Marschollek M, Wolf KH, Plischke M, Haux R. On health-enabling and ambient-assistive technologies. What has been achieved and where do we have to go?. Methods Inf Med 2009; 48 (01) 29-37.
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Gietzelt M, von Bargen T, Kohlmann M, Marschollek M, Schwartze J, Song B, Wagner M, Wolf KH, Haux R. Home-centered health-enabling technologies and regional health information systems. An integration approach based on international standards. Methods Inf Med 2014; 53 (03) 160-166.
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Simonov M, Delconte G. Humanoid Assessing Rehabilitative Exercises. Methods Inf Med 2014; 53: 05.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 37 Holmes JD, Jenkins ME, Johnson AM, Hunt MA, Clark RA. Validity of the Nintendo Wii(R) balance board for the assessment of standing balance in Parkinson’sdisease. Clin Rehabil. 2012
    Google Scholar
  • 38 Gil-Gómez JA, Lloréns R, Alcañiz M, Colomer C. Effectiveness of a Wii balance board-based system (eBaViR) for balance rehabilitation: a pilot randomized clinical trial in patients with acquired brain injury. J Neuroeng Rehabil 2011; 23.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 39 Albiol-Perez S, Gil-Gomez JA, Llorens R, Alcaniz M, Colomer-Font C. The role of Virtual Motor Rehabilitation. A quantitative analysis between Acute and Chronic Patients with acquired brain injury. IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics. 2013: 99.
    Google Scholar
  • 40 Albiol-Perez S, Gil-Gomez JA, Forcano-García M, Muñoz-Tomas MT, Manzano-Hernandez P, Solsona-Hernandez S. Development of a novel therapy in virtual motor rehabilitation after severe Guillain-Barré symptomatology. Pervasive Computing Technologies for Healthcare (PervasiveHealth) 2013; 370-373.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Tuckey J, Greenwood R. Rehabilitation after severe Guillain-Barré syndrome: the use of partial body weight support. Physiother Res Int 2004; 9 (02) 96-103.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Folstein MF, Folstein SE, McHugh PR. “Mini-mental state”. A practical method for grading the cognitive state of patients for the clinician. J Psychiatr Res 1975; 12 (03) 189-198.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Collin C, Wade DT, Davies S, Horne V. The Barthel ADL Index: a reliability study. Int Disabil Stud 1988; 10 (02) 61-63.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Lawton MP. The Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale: a revision. J Gerontol 1975; 30 (01) 85-89.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 45 Charlson ME, Pompei P, Ales KL, MacKenzie CR. A new method of classifying prognostic comorbidity in longitudinal studies: development and validation. J Chronic Dis 1987; 40 (05) 373-383.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Austin GP, Tiberio D, Garrett GE. Effect of frequency on human unipedal hopping. Percept Mot Skills 2002; 95 (03) Pt 1 733-740.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Duncan PW, Weiner DK, Chandler J, Studenski S. Functional reach: a new clinical measure of balance. J Gerontol 1990; 45 (06) M192-197.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Berg KO, Wood-Dauphinee SL, Williams I J, Maki B. Measuring balance in the elderly: validation of an instrument. Can J Public Health 1992; 83 (Suppl. 02) Suppl S7-11.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 49 Podsiadlo D, Richardson S. The timed “Up & Go”: a test of basic functional mobility for frail elderly persons. J Am Geriatr Soc 1991; 39 (02) 142-148.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 50 Jones CJ, Rikli RE. Measuring functional fitness of older adults. International Journal of Active Aging 2002; 1: 25-30.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 51 Bohannon R, Larkin P, Cook A, Singer J. Decrease in timed balance test scores with aging. Physical Therapy 1984; 64: 1067-1070.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 52 Richards CL, Malouin F, Dumas F, Tardif D. Gait velocity as an outcome measure of locomotor recovery after stroke. In. Craik RL, Oatis CA. (eds). Gait Analysis. Theory and Application. St Louis, MO; Mosby: 1995: 355-364.
    Google Scholar
  • 53 Tinetti ME, Williams TF, Mayewski R. Fall risk index for elderly patients based on number of chronic disabilities. Am J Med 1986; 80 (03) 429-434.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 54 Verschuren O, Ketelaar M, Takken T, Van Brussel M, Helders PJ, Gorter JW. Reliability of hand-held dynamometry and functional strength tests for the lower extremity in children with Cerebral Palsy. Disabil Rehabil 2008; 30 (18) 1358-1366.
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 55 Muñoz Tomás MT, Gil-Gómez JA, Gil-Gómez H, Lozano-Quillis JA, Albiol-Pérez S, Forcano-García M. Suitability of virtual rehabilitation for the elderly: A study of a virtual rehabilitation system using the SEQ. European Geriatric Medicine 2013; 4 (01) S109.
    PubMedGoogle Scholar