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Thromb Haemost 2015; 114(05): 994-1003
DOI: 10.1160/TH14-12-1073
Cellular Haemostasis and Platelets
Schattauer GmbH

HMGB1 binds to activated platelets via the receptor for advanced glycation end products and is present in platelet rich human coronary artery thrombi

Ingo Ahrens
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Centre, University of Freiburg, Germany
2   Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
,
Yung-Chih Chen   *
2   Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
,
Danijal Topcic   *
2   Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
,
Michael Bode
2   Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
3   Division of Cardiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
,
David Haenel
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Centre, University of Freiburg, Germany
,
Christoph E. Hagemeyer
2   Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
,
Hannah Seeba
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Centre, University of Freiburg, Germany
,
Daniel Duerschmied
1   Department of Cardiology and Angiology I, Heart Centre, University of Freiburg, Germany
,
Nicole Bassler
2   Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
,
Karin A. Jandeleit-Dahm
4   Diabetes Complications Division, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
,
Matthew J. Sweet
5   Institute for Molecular Bioscience, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
,
Alex Agrotis
6   Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
,
Alex Bobik
6   Vascular Biology and Atherosclerosis Laboratory, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
,
Karlheinz Peter
2   Atherothrombosis and Vascular Biology Laboratory, Baker IDI, Melbourne, Australia
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Received: 29 December 2014

Accepted after major revision: 09 June 2015

Publication Date:
06 December 2017 (online)

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Summary

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) acts as both a nuclear protein that regulates gene expression, as well as a pro-inflammatory alarmin that is released from necrotic or activated cells. Recently, HMGB1-expression in human atherosclerotic plaques was identified. Therapeutic blockade of HMGB1 reduced the development of diet-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE knockout mice. Thus, we hypothesised an interaction between HMGB1 and activated platelets. Binding of recombinant HMGB1 to platelets was assessed by flow cytometry. HMGB1 bound to thrombin-activated human platelets (MFI 2.49 vs 25.01, p=0.0079). Blood from wild-type, TLR4 and RAGE knockout mice was used to determine potential HMGB1 receptors on platelets. HMGB1 bound to platelets from wild type C57Bl6 (MFI 2.64 vs 20.3, p< 0.05), and TLR4-/- mice (MFI 2.11 vs 25.65, p< 0.05) but failed to show binding to platelets from RAGE-/- mice (p > 0.05). RAGE expression on human platelets was detected by RT-PCR with mRNA extracted from highly purified platelets and confirmed by Western blot and immunofluorescence microscopy. Platelet activation increased RAGE surface expression (MFI 4.85 vs 6.74, p< 0.05). Expression of HMGB1 in human coronary artery thrombi was demonstrated by immunohistochemistry and revealed high expression levels. Platelets bind HMGB1 upon thrombin-induced activation. Platelet specific expression of RAGE could be detected at the mRNA and protein level and is involved in the binding of HMGB1. Furthermore, platelet activation up-regulates platelet surface expression of RAGE. HMGB1 is highly expressed in platelet-rich human coronary artery thrombi pointing towards a central role for HMGB1 in atherothrombosis, thereby suggesting the possibility of platelet targeted anti-inflammatory therapies for atherothrombosis.

Keywords

HMGB1 - platelets - RAGE - ACS

* Equally contributing authors


 

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