Induction and Reversibility of Insulin Resistance in Rats Exposed to Exogenous D-Fructose

Abstract

Long-term exposure of normal rats to a fructose-enriched diet or drinking water is currently used as an animal model for experimental insulin resistance. The present study deals with a comparison between rats given access to either a fructose-enriched diet or fructose-enriched drinking water. In both situations, a decrease in food intake and body weight gain, and the induction of insulin resistance with intolerance to D-glucose despite increased secretory response to the aldohexose of insulin-producing cells were documented. Moreover, the rats exposed to exogenous D-fructose displayed a lesser sensitivity to overnight fasting than control animals, in terms of the alteration of glucose homeostasis and reduction of the ratio between plasma insulin and D-glucose concentration. It is also shown that the fructose-induced insulin resistance, as assessed in a hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp, represents a phenomenon reversed within 15–30 days after removal of the keto-hexose from the drinking water.

Key words

high fructose feeding rats - glucose tolerance - insulin resistance - euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamp - fructose-enriched diet

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