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DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-984461
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York
Debridement and Spinal Instrumentation as a Single-Stage Procedure in Bacterial Spondylitis/Spondylodiscitis
Debridement und spinale Instrumentation als einzeitiger Eingriff bei bakterieller Spondylitis/SpondylodiszitisPublication History
Publication Date:
30 July 2007 (online)
Abstract
Object: The best surgical technique for patients with bacterial spinal infections is still discussed controversially. But recent publications suggest that titanium implants can be used safely in infectious sites in combination with debridement and antibiotic therapy. The purpose of this study is to provide further evidence in support of debridement and instrumentation as a single-stage procedure for spinal infection.
Methods: Twenty-four cases with cervical, thoracic, and lumbar spondylitis/spondylodiscitis were analyzed. In 17 cases, anterolateral stabilization was performed with titanium cages. No autologous or homologous bone grafts were used. Transpedicular screw/rod fixation following posterior debridement of the intervertebral space was performed in the other 7 cases.
Results: WBC and C-reactive protein levels decreased significantly after surgical debridement. Pain levels decreased from a preoperative median of 4 (on the Denis Pain Scale) to a postoperative median of 2. Twenty-two of the 24 patients were fully mobilized within 2 weeks after surgery. The Barthel Index improved from 60 (10-85) before surgery to 90 (65-100) after surgery. No recurrence of the initial infection was noticed during a mean follow-up period of 18 months. The fusion rate was 90.5%. The mortality rate was 1 out of 24 (4.2%).
Conclusions: These findings support the position that debridement and instrumented fusion can be performed as a single-stage procedure without an increase in the recurrence rate or morbidity, compared with the use of autologous bone grafting or staged procedures. Same-stage instrumentation allows early postoperative mobilization of the patient, which is advantageous, especially for an increasingly elderly population and in patients with comorbidities.
Zusammenfassung
Einleitung: Das optimale chirurgische Vorgehen bei der bakteriellen Spondylodiszitis wird weiterhin kontrovers diskutiert. Es gibt jedoch aktuelle Studien, die darauf hinweisen, dass Implantate (Schrauben, Stangen und Cages) aus Titan nach Debridement und unter antibiotischer Behandlung mit ausreichender Sicherheit eingebracht werden können. Ziel der Studie war es, Debridement und Einbringen von Instrumentierung als einzeitigen Eingriff bei spinalen Infektionen zu untersuchen.
Patienten und Methoden: Insgesamt wurden 24 Patienten mit Spondylitis bzw. Spondylodiszitis der Hals-, Brust- und Lendenwirbelsäule untersucht. Bei 17 Patienten wurde eine ventrale Fusion mit Anlage von Titancages durchgeführt. Hierbei wurde auf das Einbringen von Knochen (autolog oder homolog) verzichtet. Bei weiteren 7 Fällen wurde ein transpedikuläres Schrauben-Stangen Fixierungssystem nach dorsalem Debridement des Zwischenwirbelraumes implantiert.
Ergebnisse: Die Leukozyten- und C-reaktives Protein (CRP)-Konzentrationen zeigten postoperativ eine signifikante Abnahme. Das Schmerzniveau (nach Denis) war ebenfalls rückläufig (Median präoperativ: 4, postoperativ: 2). Zweiundzwanzig der 24 Patienten konnten innerhalb von 2 Wochen nach der Operation mobilisiert werden. Der durchschnittliche Barthel-Index besserte sich von 60 (10-85) präoperativ auf 90 (65-100) postoperativ. Innerhalb des mittleren Beobachtungszeitraumes von 18 Monaten wurde kein Infektions&8989;rezidiv beobachtet. Die Fusionsrate lag bei 90,5% und die Mortalitätsrate bei 4,2% (1/24).
Schlussfolgerungen: Aus Sicht der Autoren kann das Debridement und Einbringen von Instrumentierung als einzeitiger Eingriff bei spinalen Infektionen sicher durchgeführt werden. Hierbei wird das Rezidiv- bzw. Morbiditätsrisiko im Vergleich zu zweizeitigen Eingriffen und Stabilisierungsoperationen mit Verwendung von autologem Knochen nicht erhöht. Eine einzeitige Stabilisierungsoperation ermöglicht die postoperative Frühmobilisierung, welche vor allem bei der zunehmend älteren Bevölkerung und bei Patienten mit hoher Komorbidität von Vorteil ist.
Key words
spondylitis - spondylodiscitis - spinal instrumentation - debridement - single stage procedure - surgical outcome
Schlüsselwörter
Spondylitis - Spondylodiszitis - Spinale Instrumentation - Debridement - einzeitiger Eingriff - operatives Ergebnis
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Correspondence
Priv. Doz. Dr. O. Suess
Neurosurgical Clinic
Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Campus Benjamin Franklin
Hindenburgdamm 30
12200 Berlin
Germany
Phone: +30/8445/25 50
Fax: +30/8445/42 56
Email: olaf.suess@charite.de