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DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-951922
Narzissmus - Persönlichkeitsvariable und Persönlichkeitsstörung
Narcissism - Variable of Personality and Personality DisorderPublication History
eingereicht 27. Juli 2006
akzeptiert 7. Nov. 2006
Publication Date:
08 January 2007 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Anliegen Die vorliegende Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über den aktuellen Kenntnisstand zum Narzissmus. Methode Betrachtung des Narzissmus als psychologisches Konstrukt, Persönlichkeitsdimension und Persönlichkeitsstörung, Vorstellung von Modellen zur Entstehung und Therapie von narzisstischen Tendenzen bzw. der Narzisstischen Persönlichkeitsstörung (NPS). Es werden Aussagen zur Phänomenologie, Diagnose und Klassifikation, Komorbidität, Epidemiologie, pharmakologischen Behandlung, Psychotherapie und zur Prognose der NPS gemacht. Ergebnisse Es gibt derzeit drei Sichtweisen auf den Narzissmus: 1. als psychologisches Konstrukt im Sinne einer Persönlichkeitsvariable, 2. als Vulnerabilitätsfaktor für andere psychische Störungen in Form einer narzisstischen Persönlichkeitsakzentuierung und 3. als Persönlichkeitsstörung. Der Übergang zwischen den Ausprägungen des Narzissmus ist fließend i. S. eines dimensionalen Modells. Die NPS ist im DSM-IV als Persönlichkeitsstörung offiziell aufgenommen worden, aber nicht vom ICD-10. Es besteht ein deutlicher Mangel an wissenschaftlichen Studien zur Neurobiologie, Psychologie sowie zu psychotherapeutischen und psychopharmakologischen Konzepten der NPS.
Abstract
Objective This review provides information about the current state of knowledge concerning narcissism. Methods Viewing narcissism as a psychological construct, a dimension of personality and as a psychiatric disease, presenting of models about development and treatment of narcissistic tendencies or of narcissistic personality disorder (NPD). Statements about phenomenology, diagnosis, and classification, comorbidity, epidemiology, pharmacological treatment and current psychotherapy, and prognosis of NPD are presented. Results/Discussion There are three main aspects of narcissism: 1. narcissism as a psychological construct in the sense of personality variable, 2. as a personality accentuation as a factor of vulnerability for other psychological disorders and 3. narcissism as a personality disorder in the sense of a psychiatric disease (NPD). There are no clear boundaries between these forms of narcissism. The NPD is recognized as a personality disorder by DSM-IV but not by ICD-10. There is a clear lack of scientific studies on the neurobiology, psychology and psychotherapeutic as well as psychopharmacological treatment.
Key words
narcissism - narcissistic personality disorder - psychotherapy
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Dipl.-Psych. Kathrin Ritter
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin
Eschenallee 3
14050 Berlin
Email: kathrinritter@hotmail.de
PD Dr. med. Claas-Hinrich Lammers
Asklepios Klinik Nord - Ochsenzoll, Psychiatrie, Psychotherapie, Psychologie
Langenhorner Chaussee 560
22419 Hamburg
Email: claas-hinrich.lammers@k-nord.lbk-hh.de