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Synthesis 2002(13): 1781-1801
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-33907
REVIEW
© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Synthetic Tritium Labeling: Reagents and Methodologies

Manouchehr Saljoughian*
Former Address: The National Tritium Labelling Facility, Physical Biosciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, University of California, One Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA
Further Information

Publication History

Received 15 April 2002
Publication Date:
09 September 2002 (online)

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Abstract

This review presents a survey of new high specific activity tritium labeling reagents and methodologies developed in recent years and their applications to tritium labeling chemistry. The review is organized on the basis of reagent type, its development and applications. Emphasis is placed on the synthetic applications of the reagents and techniques that have an exceptionally high capability to produce high specific activity tritium labeled compounds. The focus of this review is on chemical labeling syntheses and does not include heterogeneous/homogeneous metal-catalyzed hydrogen-tritium exchange and biochemical reactions.

  • 1 Introduction

  • 2 Synthesis and Applications of Tritiated Hydrides

  • 2.1 Lithium, Sodium, and Potassium Borotritide Reagents (LiBT4, NaBT4, KBT4)

  • 2.2 Lithium Tritide (LiT)

  • 2.3 Lithium Supertritide (LiEt3BT)

  • 2.4 Lithium Aluminum Tritide (LiAlT4)

  • 2.5 Lithium Selectride [Li(sec-Bu)3BT]

  • 2.6 Lithium Trimethoxyborotritide [Li(OCH3)3BT]

  • 2.7 Tritiated [2-(1,3-Dithianyl)]myrtanylborane (MDBT2)

  • 2.8 Tritiated Methylborane (CH3BT2)

  • 2.9 Tritiated Lithium 9-Boratabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane
    (Li9-BBNT)

  • 2.10 Tritiated BoraneTHF Complex (BT3THF)

  • 2.11 Lithium Borotritide (LiBT4)

  • 2.12 Tritiated Schwartz’ Reagent (ZrCp2ClT)

  • 2.13 Tritiated Silanes

  • 2.14 Tributyltin tritide (Bu3SnT)

  • 2.15 Tritiated Triacetoxy Sodium Borotritide [NaBT(OAc)3]

  • 3 Synthesis and Applications of Tritiated Water

  • 3.1 Tritiated Water (T2O)

  • 3.2 Tritiated Methylene Diiodide (CHTI2)

  • 3.3 Tritiated Diimide (TN=NT)

  • 3.4 Tritioolefination

  • 3.5 Base-Induced Tritiodesilylation

  • 3.6 Fluoride-Induced Tritiodesilylation

  • 3.7 Tritiated Diazomethane (CHTN2)

  • 4 Catalytic Tritiations with Tritium Gas

  • 4.1 Catalytic Tritiodehalogenation

  • 4.2 Heterogeneous Catalytic Tritiations

  • 4.3 Homogeneous Catalytic Tritiations

  • 5 Tritium Labeling via Organometallic Compounds

  • 5.1 Metallation/Reduction with Tritium Gas

  • 5.2 Metallation/Reduction with Tritiated Water

  • 6 Conclusion

Key words

tritiated hydrides - heterogeneous catalytic tritiations - high specific activity -

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Home address: Dr. M. Saljoughian, 44 Wandel Dr., Moraga, CA 94556, USA.