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Rofo 2002; 174(3): 273-282
DOI: 10.1055/s-2002-20599
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© Georg Thieme Verlag Stuttgart · New York

Mehrschicht-Spiral-CT des Abdomens

Aktuelle Indikationen und zukünftige TrendsMultislice CT of the abdomen - current indications and future trendsL.  Kopka, P.  Rogalla, B.  Hamm
  • 1Institut für Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Charite - Campus Mitte - Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
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Publication History

Publication Date:
07 March 2002 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die aktuellen Mehrschicht-Spiral-CT (MS-CT) Systeme erlauben die simultane Akquisition von mehreren Schichten pro Röhrenrotation. Im Zusammenhang mit den schnellen 360° Röhrenrotationszeiten kann die Abbildung der abdominellen Organe in höherer örtlicher und zeitlicher Auflösung erfolgen. Bei der Leberdiagnostik ist es jetzt mit optimierten Schichtdicke von 2 - 3 mm möglich, das gesamte Organ während einer Perfusionsphase innerhalb von 10 Sekunden zu untersuchen. Daraus resultiert eine verbesserte Detektion und Charakterisierung von fokalen Leberläsionen. Gleichzeitig können qualitativ hochwertige multiplanare Rekonstruktionen des arteriellen und portalvenösen Gefäßsystems angefertigt werden. Die weitere Etablierung von simultan akquirierten Perfusionsparametern kann möglicherweise in Zukunft einen hohen Stellenwert zur genaueren Charakterisierung von fokalen Leberläsionen gewinnen. Auch die Diagnostik des Pankreas profitiert von der MS-CT, insbesondere bei der Detektion kleinerer Pankreastumoren sowie der Beurteilung der Resektabilität eines Pankreaskarzinoms. Durch die nahezu isotropen Voxel können sämtliche abdominelle Strukturen auch in koronarer Ansicht ohne Qualitätsverlust dargestellt werden. Dieses erweist sich z. B. in der präoperativen Diagnostik von Nierentumoren als vorteilhaft. Die multiplanaren Darstellungsformen haben eine entscheidene Bedeutung für die abdominelle CT-Angiographie. Neben den akuten Erkrankungen der abdominellen Aorta erweist sich dieses insbesondere bei den Viszeralgefäßen als vorteilhaft, da auch lange Strecken in z-Richtung in hoher räumlicher Auflösung dargestellt werden können.

Abstract

Multislice CT systems allow the simultaneous acquisition of multiple slices per gantry rotation. In combination with faster gantry rotation times of 0.5 seconds, the abdominal structures can be displayed in higher spatial and temporal resolution. In MS-CT of the liver it is possible to scan the entire organ with an optimal slice thickness of 2 - 3 mm within a defined perfusion phase in less than 10 seconds. This results in an improved detection and characterization of focal liver lesions. A high-quality, 3-dimensional reconstruction of the hepatic arterial and portalvenous system is obtained with the same data set. The diagnostic use of the simultaneously acquired perfusion data will lead to a better characterization of focal liver lesions in the future. The diagnostics of the pancreas also profits from MS-CT, especially for the detection of small tumors and the evaluation of resectability of a pancreatic carcinoma. All abdominal structures can be displayed in a coronal view without loss of image quality because of the almost isotropic voxels obtained. This proves to be beneficial for the preoperative diagnostics of renal cell carcinomas, especially if the tumor extension into adjacent organs (e. g., liver or spleen) in the longitudinal direction has to be evaluated. The multiplanar display and the sophisticated 3-dimensional reconstruction tools have a substantial value for the abdominal CT angiography. It proves to have a major diagnostic impact on acute abdominal aortic and visceral arterial diseases because even large distances in the z-direction can be covered with high spatial resolution.

Schlüsselwörter

Computertomographie - Leber - Pankreas - Niere - abdominelle Aorta

Key words

Computed tomography - Liver - Pancreas - Kidneys - Abdominal aorta

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Priv.-Doz. Dr. med. Lars Kopka

Institut für Radiologie, Universitätsklinikum Charite - Campus Mitte -
Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin

Schumannstr. 20/21

10117 Berlin

Phone: (030) 450-527031

Email: lars.kopka@charite.de

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