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J Am Acad Audiol 2024; 35(07/08): 193-203
DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1791213
Research Article

Predictive Accuracy of Wideband Absorbance under Various Pressure Conditions in Identifying Infants with a Conductive Hearing Loss

Sreedevi Aithal
1   Department of Audiology, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
2   Hearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
3   Department of Speech Pathology, School of Rehabilitation Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
,
Venkatesh Aithal
1   Department of Audiology, Townsville University Hospital, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
2   Hearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
,
Joseph Kei
2   Hearing Research Unit for Children, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
,
Matthew Wilson
4   Department of Audiology, Monash Health Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
› Author Affiliations Funding This study was supported by Queensland Health New Technology Funding and Evaluation program (NTFEP 2014/15-HQ000249).
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Abstract

Objective The objectives of the study were to (i) evaluate the effectiveness of wideband absorbance (WBA) at ambient pressure (WBAamb), tympanic peak pressure (WBATPP), and 0 daPa (WBA0) to identify conductive hearing loss (CHL) in infants and (ii) compare the sensitivity and specificity of the three WBA tests with that of high-frequency tympanometry (HFT) and transient-evoked otoacoustic emissions (TEOAE).

Method A total of 31 ears with hearing thresholds no greater than 20 dB HL (reference group from 20 infants [mean age: 3.1 weeks]) and 47 ears with CHL from 31 infants (mean age: 3.4 weeks) were included in the study. Hearing threshold was determined using air-conduction tone-burst auditory brainstem response (TB-ABR) test, whereas CHL was determined using both air- and bone-conduction TB-ABR tests. HFT with a 1000-Hz probe tone, TEOAE, and WBA tests were conducted on all participants.

Results WBAamb, WBATPP, and WBA0 of the CHL group were significantly lower than that of the reference group across a wide frequency range. Area under the receiver operating characteristic (AROC) curve for detecting CHL varied from 0.51 to 0.9 depending on the frequency. The highest AROC was obtained at 1.25 kHz for WBAamb (0.79), at 1.5 kHz for WBATPP (0.9) and at 1 kHz for WBA0 (0.80). The sensitivity and specificity were 0.98 and 0.45, respectively for HFT, and 1.0 and 0.6, respectively for TEOAE. In comparison, the WBA test had slightly lower sensitivity but higher specificity than the HFT and TEOAE tests.

Conclusion WBATPP at 1.5 kHz can identify CHL in infants as good as, if not more accurately than, WBAamb or WBA0. WBATPP test had good balance of high sensitivity and specificity compared with HFT and TEOAE. The three WBA tests are useful tools for identifying CHL in infants under 6 weeks of age.

Keywords

diagnostic techniques - conductive hearing loss - infants - wideband absorbance

Previous Presentation

Portions of this study were presented at the Audiology Australia 2023 Conference, Gold Coast, May 7–10.




Publication History

Received: 06 September 2022

Accepted: 04 April 2024

Article published online:
18 December 2024

© 2024. American Academy of Audiology. This article is published by Thieme.

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