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Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2023; 44(01): 021-034
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1760096
Review Article

Cardiovascular Complications in Coronavirus Disease 2019—Pathogenesis and Management

Marcos I. Restrepo
1   Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
2   Section of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, Texas
,
Judith Marin-Corral
1   Division of Pulmonary Diseases and Critical Care Medicine, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, Texas
3   Critical Care Department, Hospital del Mar-IMIM; Critical Illness Research Group (GREPAC), Barcelona, Spain
4   Department of Critical Care, Critical Illness Research Group (GREPAC), Barcelona, Spain
,
Juan J. Rodriguez
5   Department of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Bucaramanga, Colombia
,
Valeria Restrepo
6   Department of Biology, University of Texas San Antonio - UTSA, San Antonio, Texas
,
Rodrigo Cavallazzi
7   Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine, and Sleep Disorders, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky
› Author Affiliations Funding The content of this manuscript is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the Department of Veterans Affairs. J.M.C. is partially funded by a research mobility grant from Hospital del Mar—IMIM and Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), M-BAE 2019.
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Abstract

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has caused a devastating impact on morbidity and mortality around the world. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 has a characteristic tropism for the cardiovascular system by entering the host cells and binding to angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors, which are expressed in different cells, particularly endothelial cells. This endothelial injury is linked by a direct intracellular viral invasion leading to inflammation, microthrombosis, and angiogenesis. COVID-19 has been associated with acute myocarditis, cardiac arrhythmias, new onset or worsening heart failure, ischemic heart disease, stroke, and thromboembolic disease. This review summarizes key relevant literature regarding the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, and preventive measures related to cardiovascular complications in the setting of COVID-19.

Keywords

COVID-19 - cardiovascular events - complications

Authors' Contributions

M.I.R., J.M.C., J.J.R., V.R., and R.C. wrote, edited, and contributed intellectually to all the parts of manuscript and all authors read and approved it.




Publication History

Article published online:
16 January 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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