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Synthesis 2021; 53(05): 861-878
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705966
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705966
short review
Recent Developments in Heck-Type Reaction of Unactivated Alkenes and Alkyl Electrophiles
We gratefully acknowledge the National Natural Science Foundation of China (21702027 and 21971034) and Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2412019FZ017).
Abstract
The Mizoroki–Heck reaction is considered as one of the most ingenious and widely used methods for constructing C–C bonds. This reaction mainly focuses on activated olefins (styrenes, acrylates, or vinyl ethers) and aryl/vinyl (pseudo) halides. In comparison, the studies on unactivated alkenes and alkyl electrophiles are far less due to the low reactivity, poor selectivity, as well as competitive β-H elimination. In the past years, a growing interest has thus been devoted and significant breakthroughs have been achieved in the employment of unactivated alkenes and alkyl electrophiles as the reaction components, and this type of coupling is called as Heck-type or Heck-like reaction, which distinguishes from the traditional Heck reaction. Herein, we give a brief summary on Heck-type reaction between unactivated alkenes and alkyl electrophlies, covering its initial work, recent advancements, and mechanistic discussions.
1 Introduction
2 Intramolecular Heck-Type Reaction of Unactivated Alkenes and Alkyl Electrophiles
2.1 Cobalt-Catalyzed Intramolecular Heck-Type Reaction
2.2 Palladium-Catalyzed Intramolecular Heck-Type Reaction
2.3 Nickel-Catalyzed Intramolecular Heck-Type Reaction
2.4 Photocatalysis and Multimetallic Protocol for Intramolecular Heck-Type Reaction
3 Intermolecular Heck-Type Reaction of Unactivated Alkenes and Alkyl Electrophiles
3.1 Electrophilic Trifluoromethylating Reagent as Reaction Partners
3.2 Alkyl Electrophiles as Reaction Partners
4 Oxidative Heck-Type Reaction of Unactivated Alkenes and Alkyl Radicals
5 Conclusions and Outlook
Key words
Heck reaction - unactivated alkenes - alkyl electrophiles - carbon–carbon bond formation - radical chemistryPublication History
Received: 15 September 2020
Accepted after revision: 03 October 2020
Article published online:
10 November 2020
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