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Zeitschrift für Phytotherapie 2014; 35(01): 40-46
DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1349772
Porträt Einer Arzneipflanze
Boldoblätter
© Haug Verlag in MVS Medizinverlage Stuttgart GmbH & Co. KG

Boldoblätter

Die Blattdroge von Peumus boldus Molina
Klaus Peter Latté
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Publication History

Publication Date:
06 March 2014 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Die Blätter der aus Chile stammenden Arzneipflanze Peumus boldus (Monimiaceae) werden von den dortigen Ureinwohnern seit sehr langer Zeit therapeutisch eingesetzt. Heute werden Boldoblätter als traditionelles Arzneimittel in Form von Extrakten und homöopathisch auch in Europa zur Behandlung von Verdauungs- und Leberbeschwerden angewendet. Wesentliche Inhaltsstoffe sind Isochinolin-Alkaloide vom Aporphin-Typ (insbesondere Boldin), Polyphenole (Flavonoide, Proanthocyanidine, Zimtsäure-Derivate) und ein ätherisches Öl. In-vitro- und tierexperimentelle Studien zeigten für Extrakte u.a. antioxidative, hepatoprotektive, antiinflammatorische und spasmolytische Wirkungen, die die volksmedizinischen Indikationen zumindest teilweise bestätigen; jedoch sind die Aktivitäten bislang nicht in klinischen Studien untersucht worden. Aufgrund der Toxizität von Ascaridol, einer Komponente im ätherischen Öl von Boldoblättern, sollten nur wässrige Extrakte oder Teeaufgüsse von Boldoblättern oder homöopathische Zubereitungen therapeutisch eingesetzt werden.

Summary

Boldo leaves. A review
The leaves of the Chilean medicinal plant Peumus boldus (Monimiaceae) have been used as a herbal remedy by the indigenous people for a very long time. Today extracts of boldo leaves are used in Europe as traditional medicine for the treatment of liver and gastrointestinal complaints and also in homeopathic preparations. Apart from isoquinoline alkaloids of the aporphine type, especially boldine, polyphenols (flavonoids, proanthocyanidines, cinnamoic acid derivatives) as well as an essential oil have been elucidated. In vitro and in vivo studies demonstrated amongst others antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, hepatoprotective and spasmolytic activities, which at least in part give an explanation for the traditional use. However, clinical studies confirming these activities are missing. Due to the toxicity of ascaridole, a prominent component of the essential oil, only aqueous extracts or infusions of boldo leaves or homeopathic preparations should be applied in therapy.

Schlüsselwörter

Peumus boldus Molina - Monimiaceae - Boldi folium - Boldoblätter - Boldin - traditionelle Anwendung

Key words

Peumus boldus Molina - Monimiaceae - boldi folium - boldo leaves - boldine - traditional use
 

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