Körperliche Aktivität gegen Schlafstörungen? – Ergebnisse einer Literaturanalyse

In der Behandlung der primären Insomnie kommen pharmakologische, erzieherische und verhaltenstherapeutische Maßnahmen, nicht selten auch in Kombination, zum Einsatz. Auch besteht die weit verbreitete Meinung, dass körperliche Aktivität bzw. die Übungstherapie Schlaf verbessernde Einflüsse ausübt. Wie weit diese Annahme aufgrund wissenschaftlich evaluierter Daten berechtigt ist, sollte anhand einer Literaturanalyse geprüft werden.

Die Recherche in den Datenbanken MEDLINE, EMBASE und SPOLIT zeigte, dass im Wesentlichen mit 2 unterschiedlichen Studienzugängen diesem Thema nachgegangen wurde: mit epidemiologischen und experimentellen Studien. Die meisten epidemiologischen Studien kommen zu einem überwiegend positiven Ergebnis. Darin wurden aber überwiegend subjektive Beurteilungskriterien zugrunde gelegt. In den experimentellen Studien erfolgten die Untersuchungen vielfach an gesunden und nur selten an Insomnie-Patienten selbst. Deshalb, und weil diese nicht immer zu eindeutig positiven Ergebnissen führten, bleibt die Frage offen, ob durch körperliche Aktivität die Insomnie positiv beeinflusst werden kann. Weitere Studien mit Insomnie-Patienten und objektiven Messmethoden sind zu fordern.

It is commonly assumed that exercise is one of the most important behavioral factors promoting sleep. How far this assumption based on scientific datas should be evaluated on an analysis of results in literature.

A research in the databases MEDLINE, EMBASE and SPOLIT has shown that in substance this topic was followed by two types of studies: epidemiological and experimental studies. Epidemiological studies have generally shown positive associations of exercise with sleep. On the other hand, experimental studies have failed to demonstrate substantial sleep-promoting effects of either acute or chronic exercise. In addition most of these studies evaluated the effects on healthy and seldom in insomnia patients. Therefore the question remains open if exercise influences the insomnia. Better controlled research with objective sleep measures is needed.

Key words

Insomnia - physical exercise - treatment efficacy - literature analysis

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