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Synthesis 2009(16): 2651-2673
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1216892
DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1216892
REVIEW
© Georg Thieme Verlag
Stuttgart ˙ New York
Synthesis of Spirocyclic Ethers
Further Information
Received
9 April 2009
Publication Date:
10 July 2009 (online)
Publication History
Publication Date:
10 July 2009 (online)
Abstract
Spirocycles, including spirocyclic ethers, occur frequently in natural products and pharmaceutically active substances. Accordingly, synthetic methodologies utilized for the preparation of such compounds are of broad interest. The present review focuses on the general synthetic approaches that have been utilized for the construction of spirocyclic ethers during the past two decades.
1 Introduction
2 Scope
3 Rearrangement Methods
4 Alkylation Methods
5 Ring Closure of Geminally Disubstituted Cyclic Compounds
6 Ring-Closing Metathesis
7 Other Transition-Metal-Based Processes
8 Radical Cyclizations
9 Cycloaddition Methods
10 Conclusion
Key words
spiro compounds - ethers - ring closure - stereoselective synthesis - natural products
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