Download PDF
DO - Deutsche Zeitschrift für Osteopathie 2024; 22(02): 34-41
DOI: 10.1055/a-2220-8344
Spektrum interdisziplinär

Osteopathie und evidenzbasierte Medizin, Teil 2: Kritik an der EBM

Dirk Luthin
› Further Information
Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Zusammenfassung

Die EBM ist bestrebt, die Medizin stetig zu verbessern [1]. Aus allen uns zur Verfügung stehenden Quellen sollen Entscheidungen zu einzelnen medizinischen Fragestellungen nach den besten vorliegenden Belegen getroffen werden [2]. Der Patient steht dabei immer im Zentrum aller Überlegungen [3]. Das klingt doch toll! Aber warum tun wir uns so schwer mit der EBM? Warum rufen wir in der Osteopathie nicht „Hurra!“? Stattdessen müssen wir uns wiederholt dafür rechtfertigen, wenn wir in der osteopathischen Community über EBM sprechen wollen? [4] Wie kann das sein?

Schlüsselwörter

Evidenzbasierte Medizin - EBM - Evidenzpyramide


Publication History

Article published online:
27 March 2024

© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Guyatt G, Rennie D, Meade MO. et al Users’ guides to the medical literature: a manual for evidence based clinical practice, 3. Aufl. New York: McGraw-Hill Education; 2015
    Google Scholar
  • 2 Sackett DL, Rosenberg W, Mc Gray JA. et al. Evidence-based medicine: what it is and what it isn’t. BMJ 1996; 312: 71-72
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 3 Haynes RB, Devereaux PJ, Guyatt GH. Clinical expertise in the era of evidencebased medicine and patient choice. Editorial ACP J Club 2002; 136: A11-14
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 4 Humpage C. Opinions on research and evidence based medicine within the UK osteopathic profession: A thematic analysis of public documents 2003–2009. IJOM 2011; 14: 48-56
    Google Scholar
  • 5 Semrau F, Aidelsburger P, Israel CW. Common misunderstandings of evidence-based medicine. Herzschr Elektrophys 2023; 34: 232-239
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 6 Straus S, Haynes B, Glasziou P. et al. Misunderstandings, misperceptions, and mistakes. ACP J Club 2007; 146: A8-9
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 7 Haynes RB, Sackett DL, Gray JM. et al. Transferring evidence from research into practice: 1. The role of clinical care research evidence in clinical decisions. ACP J Club 1996; 125: A14-16
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 8 Sackett DL, Rosenberg WMC, Gray JAM. et al. Was ist Evidenz-basierte Medizin und was nicht?. Münch med Wschr 1997; 139: 644-645
    Google Scholar
  • 9 Bölter R, Kühlein T, Ose D. et al. Barriers to evidence-based medicine encountered among GPs – an issue based on misunderstanding? A qualitative study in the general practice setting. Zeitschrift für Evidenz, Fortbildung und Qualität im. Gesundheitswesen 2010; 104: 661-666
    Google Scholar
  • 10 Smith R, Rennie D. Evidence-Based Medicine—an oral History. JAMA 2014; 311: 365-367
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 11 Guyatt GH, Oxman AD, Schünemann HJ. et al. GRADE guidelines: a new series of articles in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. J Clin Epidemiol. 2011; 64: 380-382
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 12 Greenhalgh T, Howick J. Maskrey N for the Evidence Based Medicine Renaissance Group Evidence based medicine: a movement in crisis?. BMJ 2014; 348: g3725
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 13 https://ebmlive.org/reasons Stand: 11.09.2023
  • 14 Glaziou P, Chalmers I. Research waste is still a scandal—an essay. BMJ 2018; 363: k4645
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 15 Altman DG. The scandal of poor medical research. BMJ 1994; 308: 283-284
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 16 Chalmers I, Glasziou P. Avoidable waste in the production and reporting of research evidence. Lancet 2009; 374: 86-89
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 17 Schor S, Karten I. Statistical evaluation of medical journal manuscripts. JAMA 1966; 195: 1123-1128
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 18 Begley CG, Ellis LM. Drug development: Raise standards for preclinical cancer research. Nature 2012; 483: 531-533
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 19 Ioannidis JP. Why most published research findings are false. PLoS Med 2005; 2: e124
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 20 Freedman LP, Gibson MC. The impact of preclinical irreproducibility on drug development. Clin Pharmacol Ther 2015; 97: 16-18
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 21 Baker M. 1500 scientists lift the lid on reproducibility. Nature 2016; 533: 452-454
    Google Scholar
  • 22 Hartshorne JK, Schachner A. Tracking replicability as a method of post-publication open evaluation. Front Comput Neurosci 2012; 6: 8
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 23 Begley C, Ellis L. Raise standards for preclinical cancer research. Nature 2012; 483: 531-533
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 24 Freedman LP, Venugopalan G, Wisman R. Reproducibility 2020: Progress and priorities. F1000Res 2017; 6: 604
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 25 Christakis DA, Zimmerman FJ. Rethinking reanalysis. JAMA 2013; 310: 2499-2500
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 26 Steward O, Popovich PG, Dietrich WD. et al. Replication and reproducibility in spinal cord injury research. Exp Neurol 2012; 233: 597-605
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 27 Kimmelman J, Mogil JS, Dirnagl U. Distinguishing between exploratory and confirmatory preclinical research will improve translation. PLoS Biol 2014; 12: e1001863
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 28 Vasilevsky NA, Brush MH, Paddock H. et al. On the reproducibility of science: unique identification of research resources in the biomedical literature. PeerJ 2013; 1: e148
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 29 Freedman LP, Cockburn IM, Simcoe TS. The economics of reproducibility in preclinical research. PLOS Biol 2015; 13: e1002165
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 30 Peng Rzc. The Reproducibility Crisis in Science: A Statistical Counterattack. Significance 2015; 12: 30-32
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 31 Liang YL. Wissenschaft in der Krise? Beiträge zur Untersuchung von Fehlverhalten in der wissenschaftlichen Forschung. Dissertation, Fachbereichs Philosophie, Universität Trier 2007 https://ubt.opus.hbz-nrw.de/opus45-ubtr/frontdoor/deliver/index/docId/290/file/faelschung_1.pdf Stand: 11.09.2023
    PubMed
  • 32 Wallach JD, Boyack KW, Ioannidis JPA. Reproducible research practices, transparency, and open access data in the biomedical literature, 2015–2017. PLoS Biol 2018; 16: e2006930
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 33 Finetti M. https://www.abendblatt.de/archiv/2000/article204289931/Die-Task-Force-der-DFG-hat-eine-Bilanz-des-groessten-Faelschungsskandals-in-der-deutschen-Wissenschaft-gezogen-Die-Krebsforscher-Friedhelm-Herrmann-und-Marion-Brach-haben-weit-mehr-manipuliert-als-bislang-bekannt-war.html Stand: 11.08.2023
  • 34 Fanelli D. How many scientists fabricate and falsify research? A systematic review and meta-analysis of survey data. PLoS One 2009; 4: e5738
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 35 Goodman SN. Of P-Values and Bayes: A Modest Proposal. Epidemiology 2001; 12: 295-297
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 36 Matthews DR, McPherson K. Doctors̓ ignorance of statistics. Br Med J (Clin Res Ed). 1987. 294. 856-857
    Google Scholar
  • 37 Jung I. Some Facts That You Might Be Unaware of About the P-Value. Arch Plast Surg 2017; 44: 93-94
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 38 Nuzzo R. Statistical errors. P values, the ‘gold standard’ of statistical validity, are not as reliable as many scientists assume. Nature 2014; 506: 150-152
    Google Scholar
  • 39 Wasserstein RL, Lazar NA. The ASA’s statement on p-values: context, process, and purpose. The American Statistician 2016; 70: 129-133
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 40 Matthews R. The ASA̓s p-value statement, one year on. Significance 2017; 14: 38-41
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 41 Wasserstein RL, Schirm AL, Lazar NA. Moving to a world beyond ‘p<0.05’. The American Statistician 2019; 73: 1-19
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 42 Hurlbert SH, Levine RA, Utts J. Coup de Grâce for a Tough Old Bull: “Statistically Significant“. The American Statistician 2019; 73: 352-357
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 43 Amrhein V, Greenland S, McShane B. Scientists rise up against statistical significance. Nature 2019; 567: 305-307
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 44 Benjamini Y, De Veaux RD, Efron B. et al. The ASA president’s task force statement on statistical significance and replicability. Ann. Appl Stat 2021; 15: 1084-1085
    Google Scholar
  • 45 Ioannidis JPA. What have we (not) learned from millions of scientific papers with p values?. The American Statistician 2019; 73: 20-25
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 46 Simmons JP, Nelson LD, Simonsohn U. False-Positive Psychology: Undisclosed Flexibility in Data Collection and Analysis Allows Presenting Anything as Significant. Psychol Sci 2011; 22: 1359-1366
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 47 Head ML, Holman L, Lanfear R. et al. The extent and consequences of p-hacking in science. PLoS Biol 2015; 13: e1002106
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 48 Rosenthal R. File Drawer Problem and Tolerance for Null Results. Psychological Bulletin 1979; 86: 638-641
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 49 Krimsky S, Rothenberg LS, Stott P. et al Scientific journals and their authors’ financial interests: A pilot study. Psychother Psychosom 1998; 67: 194-201
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 50 Antes G. In: Homöopathie – Heilung oder Humbug. Buch und Regie: Carsten Binsack. Sendung auf 3sat vom 21.03.2013.
  • 51 Osterloh F. Ökonomisierung der Medizin: Sinnentleerung ärztlichen Tuns. Dtsch Arztebl 2022; 119: A-1635
    Google Scholar
  • 52 Maio G. Geschäftsmodell Gesundheit. Wie der Markt die Heilkunst abschafft. Berlin: Suhrkamp; 2014
    Google Scholar
  • 53 Goldacre B. Die Pharma-Lüge. Wie Arzneimittelkonzerne Ärzte irreführen und Patienten schädigen. Köln: Kiepenheuer & Witsch; 2013
    Google Scholar
  • 54 Leiß O. Kein L’art pour l’art, sondern zum Nutzen der Patienten. Dtsch Arztebl 2015; 112: A 130-132
    Google Scholar
  • 55 Evidenzbasierte Medizin: Eine Strömung in der Krise? Übersetzung aus BMJ 2014; 348:g3725. Berliner Ärzte 2014; 51 (8): 20–22
  • 56 Higgins JPT, Altman DG, Gøtzsche PC. et al. The Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias in randomised trials. BMJ 2011; 343: d5928
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 57 Cohen D. FDA official: Clinical trial system is broken. BMJ 2013; 347: f6980
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 58 Every-Palmer S, Howick J. How evidence-based medicine is failing due to biased trials and selective publication. J Eval Clin Pract 2014; 20: 908-914
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 59 Blech J. Die Abschaffung der Gesundheit. Spiegel Politik. 2003 Stand: 11.09.2023
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 60 Burgmer M, Driesch G, Heuft G. Das “Sisi-Syndrom” – eine neue Depression?. Der Nervenarzt 2003; 74: 440-444
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 61 Bone HG, Greenspan SL, McKeever C. et al. Alendronate and estrogen effects in postmenopausal women with low bone mineral density. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2000; 85: 720-726
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 62 Stone NJ, Robinson JG, Lichtenstein AH. et al. American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. 2013 ACC/AHA guideline on the treatment of blood cholesterol to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular risk in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 63. 2889-2934
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 63 Montori VM, Devereaux PJ, Adhikari NK. et al. Randomized trials stopped early for benefit: a systematic review. JAMA 2005; 294: 2203-2209
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 64 Talebi R, Redberg RF, Ross JS. Consistency of trial reporting between Clinical Trials.gov and corresponding publications: one decade after FDAAA. Trials 2020; 21: 675
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 65 Anderson ML, Chiswell K, Peterson ED. et al. Compliance with results reporting at ClinicalTrials.gov. N Engl J Med 2015; 372: 1031-1039
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 66 Song F, Parekh S, Hooper L. et al. Dissemination and publication of research findings: an updated review of related biases. Health Technol Assess 2010; 14 iii, ix–xi 1-193
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 67 Hopewell S, Loudon K, Clarke MJ. et al. Publication bias in clinical trials due to statistical significance or direction of trial results. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2009; 2009: MR000006
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 68 Lee K, Bacchetti P, Sim I. Publication of clinical trials supporting successful new drug applications: a literature analysis. PLoS Med 2008; 5: e191
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 69 Kessel M. Restoring the pharmaceutical industry’s reputation. Nat Biotechnol 2014; 32: 983-990
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 70 Doshi P. Pandemrix vaccine: why was the public not told of early warning signs?. BMJ 2018; 362: k3948
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 71 Brown SJ, Bakker CJ, Theis-Mahon NR. Retracted publications in pharmacy systematic reviews. J Med Libr Assoc 2022; 110: 47-55
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 72 Macleod MR, Michie S, Roberts I. et al. Biomedical research: increasing value, reducing waste. Lancet 2014; 383: 101-104
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 73 Retraction Watch. 2021 https://retractionwatch.com/retracted-coronavirus-covid-19-papers/ Stand: 11.09.2023
  • 74 Ledford H, Van Noorden R. High-profile coronavirus retractions raise concerns about data oversight. Nature 2020; 582: 160
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 75 Trikalinos NA, Evangelou E, Ioannidis JP. Falsified papers in high-impact journals were slow to retract and indistinguishable from nonfraudulent papers. J Clin Epidemiol 2008; 61: 464-470
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 76 Steen RG. Retractions in the medical literature: how many patients are put at risk by flawed research?. J Med Ethics 2011; 37: 688-692
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 77 Bakker C, Riegelman A. Retracted publications in mental health literature: discovery across bibliographic platforms. J Librariansh Inf Sci 2018; 6 eP2199
    Google Scholar
  • 78 Wes Brot. ich ess, des Lied ich sing: Die Kontamination der ärztlichen Fortbildung aus kritischer medizinjournalistischer Sicht. Der Arzneimittelbrief 2003; 37: 73
    Google Scholar
  • 79 Lenzer J. Why we can't trust clinical guidelines. BMJ 2013; 346: f3830
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 80 Erklärung zu Interessenkonflikten in kardiovaskulären Leitlinien. Der Arzneimittelbrief 2011; 45: 34
  • 81 Nejstgaard CH, Bero L, Hrobjartsson A. et al. Association between conflicts of interest and favourable recommendations in clinical guidelines, advisory committee reports, opinion pieces, and narrative reviews: Systematic review. BMJ 2020; 371: m4234
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 82 www.leitlinienwatch.de/?news=zahlungen-der-pharmaindustrie-an-leitlinienautoren-erkenntnisse-aus-dem-physician-payments-sunshine-act Stand: 11.09.2023
  • 83 Napierala H, Schäfer L, Schott G. et al. Management of financial conflicts of interests in clinical practice guidelines in Germany: results from the public database GuidelineWatch. BMC Medical Ethics 2018; 19: 65
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 84 Bok D. Universities in the Marketplace: The Commercialization of Higher Education. Princeton und Oxford: Princeton University Press; 2003
    Google Scholar
  • 85 Moynihan R, Albarqouni L, Nangla C. et al. Financial ties between leaders of influential US professional medical associations and industry: cross sectional study. BMJ 2020; 369: m1505
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 86 Schafer A. Biomedical conflicts of interest: A defense of the sequestration thesis. Learning from the cases of Nancy Olivieri and David Healy. J Med Ethics 2004; 30: 8-24
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 87 Moynihan R, Bero L, Hill S. et al. Pathways to independence: towards producing and using trustworthy evidence. BMJ 2019; 367: l6576
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 88 Taichman DB, Backus J, Baethge C. et al. A Disclosure Form for Work Submitted to Medical Journals – A Proposal from the International Committee of Medical Journal Editors. N Engl J Med. 2020. 382. 667-668
    Google Scholar
  • 89 Howick J. Exploring the asymmetrical relationship between the power of finance bias and evidence. Perspect Biol Med 2019; 62: 159-187
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 90 Beerheide R, Lau T, Osterloh F. et al. Interview mit Prof. Dr. med. Jürgen Windeler, Leiter des Instituts für Qualität und Wirtschaftlichkeit im Gesundheitswesen (IQWiG): „Die evidenzbasierte Medizin hat einen zu kleinen Stellenwert. Dtsch Arztebl 2023; 120: A462-A464
    Google Scholar
  • 91 Jureidini J, McHenry LB. The illusion of evidence based medicine. BMJ 2022; 376: o702
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 92 Greenhalgh T. Of lamp posts, keys, and fabled drunkards: A perspectival tale of 4 guidelines. J Eval Clin Pract 2018; 24: 1132-1138
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 93 Van de Vliet P, Sprenger T, Kampers LFC. et al. The Application of Evidence-Based Medicine in Individualized Medicine. Biomedicines 2023; 11: 1793
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 94 Krämer W. Fortschrittsfalle Medizin. Die Krankheit des Gesundheitswesens (IV) www.spiegel.de/politik/fortschrittsfalle-medizin-a-97208e6c-0002-0001-0000-000013493129M Stand: 11.09.2023
  • 95 Tonelli M. The philosophical limits of evidence-based medicine. Acad Med 1999; 73: 1234-1240
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 96 Glasziou P, Moynihan R, Richards T. et al. Too much medicine; too little care. BMJ 2013; 347: f4247
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 97 Page L. Doctors’ dilemma: lower costs, please patients, or avoid lawsuits?. Medscape. www.medscape.com/viewarticle/829851 Stand: 11.09.2023
    Google Scholar
  • 98 Bishop TF, Federman Ad, Keyhani S. Physician’s views on defensive medicine: a national survey. Arch Intern Med 2010; 170: 1081-1083
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 99 Hart D. Evidenz-basierte Medizin (EBM) und Gesundheitsrecht. Überlegungen zu rechtlichen Konsequenzen der Verwissenschaftlichung der Medizin. Medizinrecht 2000; 18: 1-5
    Google Scholar
  • 100 Vogd W. Professionalisierungsschub oder Auflösung ärztlicher Autonomie. Die Bedeutung von Evidence Based Medicine und der neuen funktionalen Eliten in der Medizin aus system- und interaktionstheoretischer Perspektive. Zeitschrift für Soziologie 2002; 31: 294-315
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 101 Deutscher Bundestag. Kurzinformation. Medizinische Leitlinien. 2021 www.bundestag.de/resource/blob/876444/83593a354ba88614b34657f2ff82ed80/WD-9-094-21-pdf-data.pdf Stand: 11.09.2023
  • 102 Allen D, Harkins KJ. Too much guidance?. Lancet 2005; 365: 1768
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 103 Arndt BG, Beasley JW, Watkinson MD. et al. Tethered to the EHR: Primary care physician workload assessment using EHR event log data and time-motion observations. Ann Fam Med 2027 15: 419-426
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 104 Delamothe T. Wanted: guidelines that doctors will follow. BMJ 1993; 307: 218
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 105 Ratnani I. Gap Between Practices of Evidence-based Medicine and Personalized. Medicine: A Barrier in Learning. In Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Education. University of Houston. 2021
    PubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 106 Feinstein AR, Massa RD. Problems in the ‚evidence‘ oft the ‚evidence based medicine‘. Am J Med 1997; 103: 529-535
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 107 Smith GC, Pell JP. Parachute use to prevent death and major trauma related to gravitational challenge: systematic review of randomised controlled trials. BMJ 2003; 327: 1459-1461
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 108 Jones DS, Podolsky SH. The history and fate of the gold standard. Lancet 2015; 385: 1502-1503
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 109 Manfredini D, Greene CS, Ahlberg J. et al. Evidence-based dentistry or meta-analysis illness? A commentary on current publishing trends in the field of temporomandibular disorders and bruxism. J Oral Rehabil 2019; 46: 1-4
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 110 Silva V, Grande AJ, Martimbianco AL. et al. Overview of systematic reviews – a new type of study: part I: why and for whom?. Sao Paulo Med J 2012; 130: 398-404
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 111 Barron BA, Bukantz SC. The evaluation of new drugs. Current Food and drug Administration regulations and statistical aspects of clinical trials. Arch Intern Med 1967; 119: 547-556
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 112 Revicki DA, Frank L. Pharmacoeconomic evaluation in the real world. Effectiveness versus efficacy studies. Pharmacoeconomics 1999; 15: 423-434
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 113 Haynes B. Can it work? Does it work? Is it worth it? The testing of healthcare interventions is evolving. BMJ 1999; 319: 652-653
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 114 Schneeweiss S. Von Real-World-Daten zur Real-World-Evidenz: eine praktische Anleitung. Präv Gesundheitsf 2023; DOI: 10.1007/s11553-023-01026-7.
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 115 Benbow JH, Rivera DR, Lund JL. et al. Increasing Inclusiveness of Patient-Centric Clinical Evidence Generation in Oncology: Real-World Data and Clinical Trials. Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2022; 42: 1-11
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 116 Liu F, Panagiotakos D. Real-world data: a brief review of the methods, applications, challenges and opportunities. BMC Med Res Methodol 2022; 22: 287
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 117 Djulbegovic B, Guyatt GH. Progress in evidence-based medicine: a quarter century on. Lancet 2017; 390: 415-423
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 118 Meerpohl J. „. Evidenz gibt es immer!“ – Interview mit Jörg Meerpohl. Wissen was wirkt 2022. https://wissenwaswirkt.org/evidenz-gibt-es-immer Stand: 11.09.2023
    Google Scholar
  • 119 Gelman A. The Problems with p-values are not just with p-values. The American Statistician, Online Discussion 2016. https://stat.columbia.edu/~gelman/research/published/asa_pvalues.pdf Stand: 11.09.2023
    Google Scholar
  • 120 Amrhein V, Trafimow D, Greenland S. Inferential Statistics as Descriptive Statistics: There Is No Replication Crisis If We Don’t Expect Replication. The American Statistician 2019; 73: 262-270
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 121 Calin-Jageman R, Cumming G. The New Statistics for Better Science: Ask How Much, How Uncertain, and What Else Is Known. The American Statistician 2019; 73: 270-280
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 122 Eichler M, Pokora R, Schwentner L. et al. Evidenzbasierte Medizin: Möglichkeiten und Grenzen. Dtsch Arztebl 2015; 112: A-2190-2192
    Google Scholar
  • 123 Mulrow CD, Thacker SB, Pugh JA. A proposal for more informative abstracts of review articles. Ann Intern Med 1988; 108: 613-615
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 124 Greenhalgh T, Thorne S, Malterud K. Time to challenge the spurious hierarchy of systematic over narrative reviews? . Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48: e 12931
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 125 Boell SK, Cecez-Kecmanovic D. A hermeneutic approach for conducting literature reviews and literature searches. CAIS 2014; 32: 257-286
    Google Scholar
  • 126 Nevo I, Slonim-Nevo V. The myth of evidencebased practice: towards evidence-informed practice. Br J Soc Work 2011; 416: 1176-1197
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 127 Bastian H, Glasziou P, Chalmers I. Seventy-Five Trials and Eleven Systematic Reviews a Day: How Will We Ever Keep Up?. PLoS Med 2010; 7: e1000326
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 128 Miles A. Science, humanism, judgement, ethics: person-centered medicine as an emergent model of modern clinical practice. Folia Medica (Plovdiv) 2013; 55: 5-24
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 129 Miles A. On a medicine of the whole person: away from scientistic reductionism and towards the embrace of the complex in clinical practice. J Eval Clin Pract 2009; 15: 941-949
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 130 Miles A, Loughlin M. Models in the balance: evidence-based medicine versus evidence-informed individualized care. J Eval Clin Pract 2011; 17: 531-536
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 131 Mezzich J, Snaedal J, van Weel C, Heath I. Toward person-centered medicine: from disease to patient to person. Mt Sinai J Med 2010; 77: 304-306
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 132 World Health Organisation (WHO). Global Status Report on Non-communicable Diseases https://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/handle/10665/44579/9789240686458_eng.pdf Stand: 11.09.2023
  • 133 Dubois CA, Singh D, Jiwani I. The human resource challenge in chronic care. In: Nolte E, Mckee CM, Hrsg. Caring for people with chronic conditions. A health system perspective. Berkshire: Open University Press; 2008
    Google Scholar
  • 134 Van Royen P, Beyer M, Chevallier P. et al. The research agenda for general practice/family medicine and primary health care in Europe. Part 3. Results: person centred care, comprehensive and holistic approach. Eur J Gen Pract 2010; 16: 113-119
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 135 Bieber C, Gschwendtner K, Müller N. et al. Partizipative Entscheidungsfindung (PEF) – Patient und Arzt als Team. Psychother Psych Med 2016; 66: 195-207
    Article in Thieme ConnectPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 136 Pressemitteilung IQWiG vom 06.09.2023. Führt eine gemeinsame Entscheidungsfindung von Ärztin und Patient zu besseren Behandlungsergebnissen? Vorläufiger ThemenCheck-Bericht zeigt keine Vorteile für Gesundheitszustand oder Lebensqualität www.iqwig.de/presse/pressemitteilungen/pressemitteilungen-detailseite_100418.html Stand: 12.09.2023
  • 137 Grebe I. Shared Decision Making. CME 2023; 20: 48
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 138 Gesetz zur Verbesserung der Rechte von Patientinnen und Patienten Bundesgesetzblatt vom 25.02.2013, Teil I www.bundesaerztekammer.de/fileadmin/user_upload/_old-files/downloads/Patientenrechtegesetz_BGBl.pdf Stand: 12.09.2023
  • 139 Wiesemann C. Vertrauen als moralische Praxis – Bedeutung für Ethik und Medizin. In: Steinfath H, Wiesemann C, Hrsg.: Autonomie und Vertrauen. Schlüsselbegriffe der modernen Medizin. Wiesbaden: Springer; 2016: 69-99
    Google Scholar
  • 140 Beier K. Vertrauen in der Medizin. In: Schweer MKW, Hrsg. Facetten des Vertrauens und Misstrauens. Wiesbaden: Springer VS; 2022: 265-285
    CrossrefGoogle Scholar
  • 141 Fulford KW. Values-based practice: a new partner to evidence-based practice and a first for psychiatry?. Mens Sana Monogr 2008; 6: 10-21
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 142 Vogenberg FR, Isaacson Barash C, Pursel M. Personalized medicine: part 1: evolution and development into theranostics. P T 2010; 35 (10) 560-576
    Google Scholar
  • 143 Chow N, Gallo L, Busse JW. Evidence-based medicine and precision medicine: Complementary approaches to clinical decision-making. Precis Clin Med 2018; 1: 60-64
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 144 Leplege A, Gzil F, Cammelli M. et al. Person-centredness: conceptual and historical perspectives. Disabil Rehabil 2007; 29: 1555-1515
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 145 Olsson LE, Karlsson J, Ekman I. The integrated care pathway reduced the number of hospital days by half: a prospective comparative study of patients with acute hip fracture. J Orthop Surg Res 2006; 1: 3
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar
  • 146 Ekman I, Swedberg K, Taft C. et al. Person-centered care--ready for prime time. Eur J Cardiovasc Nurs 2011; 10: 248-251
    CrossrefPubMedGoogle Scholar