Lyme-Borreliose und Lyme-Arthritis

Zusammenfassung

Die Lyme-Arthritis stellt eine Übergangsform zwischen infektiös-bakteriellen und reaktiven Arthritiden dar. Auslöser sind Borrelien, eine aus mehreren Unterarten bestehende Spezies aus der Familie der Spirochäten. Die Erreger werden i.d.R. durch Stiche der Schildzecken-Gattung Ixodes übertragen und verursachen akute und chronische Manifestationen an Haut, Nervensystem, Gelenken und – seltener – an inneren Organen. Die Behandlung der akuten Lyme-Arthritis erfolgt durch Antibiotika wie Doxycyclin, Amoxizillin und Ceftriaxon. Die chronische Lyme-Arthritis nach erfolgloser Antibiotikatherapie ist ein vielschichtiges, schlecht charakterisiertes und umstrittenes Krankheitsbild, welches in erster Linie Anlass zur Überprüfung der Diagnose geben sollte. Von multiplen Antibiotikazyklen profitieren die Betroffenen nicht.

Abstract

Lyme arthritis is an entity that stands between infectious bacterial arthritis and reactive arthritis. The disease is caused by Borrelia, a species of bacteria that comprises several subspecies and belongs to the family of spirochetes. These bacteria, which are transmitted by bites of ticks of the genus ixodes, can cause acute and chronic manifestations in the skin, the nervous system and the joints. Acute Lyme arthritis is treated with antibiotics such as doxycycline, amoxicillin and ceftriaxone. Chronic Lyme arthritis after unsuccessful treatment with antibiotics is a multi-faceted, ill-characterized and much debated condition. First and foremost, this diagnosis must be assessed critically. Patients affected do not benefit from repeated cycles of antibiotic treatments.

Schlüsselwörter

Borreliose - ixodes ricinus - Lyme-Arthritis - Erythema migrans

Key words

ixodes ricinus - Lyme arthritis - erythema migrans - borreliosis

Publication History

Article published online:
08 February 2024

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