Download PDF
Ernährung & Medizin 2023; 38(04): 163-172
DOI: 10.1055/a-2151-9012
Wissen

Langkettige Omega-3-Fettsäuren EPA und DHA

Anwendungsgebiete, Supplementierung, Dosierung, Diagnostik
Wolfgang Bayer
,
Annette Mahler
,
Karlheinz Schmidt
,
Matthias Willmann
› Further Information
Also available at
    Permissions and Reprints

Eine Supplementierung mit den langkettigen Omega-3-Fettsäuren Eicosapentaensäure (EPA) und Docosahexaensäure (DHA) könnte sich bei vielen Erkrankungen positiv auswirken oder in der Primärprävention günstig sein. Zur Verordnung bzw. bei der Beratung der Patienten empfiehlt es sich, den Fettsäurestatus festzustellen und die Erfolge der Substitution zu kontrollieren.



Publication History

Article published online:
04 December 2023

© 2023. Thieme. All rights reserved.

Georg Thieme Verlag
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany

 

  • Literatur

  • 1 Djuricic I, Calder PC. Beneficial outcomes of omega-6 and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids on human health: An update for 2021. Nutrients 2021; 13: 2421
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 2 Elagizi A, Lavie CJ, O’Keefe E. et al. An update on omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and cardiovascular health. Nutrients 2021; 13: 204
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 3 Li J, Pora BLR, Dong K, Hasjim J. Health benefits of docosahexaenoic acid and its bioavailability: a review. Food Sci. Nutr 2021; 9: 5229-5243
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 4 Troesch B, Eggersdorfer M, Laviano A. et al. Expert opinion on benefits of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids (EPA and DHA) in aging and clinical nutrition. Nutrients 2020; 12: 2555
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 5 Abdelhamid AS, Brown TJ, Brainard JS. et al. Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020; 3: CD003177
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 6 Andersen G, Soyka K. Der kleine Souci, Fachmann, Kraut: Lebensmitteltabellen für die Praxis. 5. Aufl. Stuttgart: Wiss. Verlagsgesellschaft; 2011
    Search in Google Scholar
  • 7 Nguyen QV, Malau-Aduli BS, Cavalieri J. et al. Enhancing omega-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid content of dairy-derived foods for human consumption. Nutrients 2019; 11: 743
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 8 Augustine AH, Lowenstein LM, Harris WS. et al. Treatment with omega-3-fatty acid ethyl-esters alters fatty acid composition of lipoproteins in overweight or obese adults with insulin resistance. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids 2014; 90: 69-75
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 9 Minton ST, Almada AL, Evans JL. et al. Comparative membrane incorporation of omega-3- fish oil triglyceride preparations differing by degree of re-esterification: a sixteen week randomized intervention trial. Plos One 2023; 18: e0265462
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 10 Kwantes JM, Grundmann O. A brief review of krill oil history, research, and the commercial market. J Diet Suppl 2015; 1: 23-35
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 11 Doughman SD, Krupanidhi S, Sanjeevi CB. Omega-3-fatty acids for nutrition and medicine: considering microalgae oil as a vegetarian source of EPA and DHA. Curr Diabetes Rev 2007; 3: 198-203
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 12 Laidlaw M, Cockerline CA, Rowe WJ. A randomized clinical trial to determine the efficacy of manufacturer’s recommended doses of omega-3- fatty acids from different sources in facilitating cardiovascular disease risk reduction. Lipids Health Dis 2014; 13: 99
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 13 Neubronner J, Schuchardt JP, Kressel G. et al. Enhanced increase of omega-3 index in response to long-term n-3 fatty acid supplementation from triacylglycerides versus ethyl esters. Eur J Clin Nutr 2011; 65: 247-254
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 14 Yurko-Mauro K, Kralovec J, Bailey-Hall E. et al. Similar eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acid plasma levels achieved with fish oil or krill oil in a randomized double-blind four-week bioavailability study. Lipids Health Dis 2015; 14: 99
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 15 Sigaux J, Mathieu S, Nguyen Y. et al. Impact of type and dose of oral polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation on disease activity in inflammatory rheumatic diseases: a systemic literature review and meta-analysis. Arthritis Res Ther 2022; 24: 100
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 16 Sigaux J, Bellicha A, Buscail C. et al. Serum fatty acid profiles are associated with disease activity in early rheumatoid arthritis: results from the ESPOIR cohort. Nutrients 2022; 14: 2947
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 17 Liao Y, Xie B, Zhang H. et al. Efficacy of omega-3 PUFAs in depression: a meta analysis. Transl Psychiatry 2019; 9: 190
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 18 Skulas-Ray AC, Wilson PWF, Harris WS. et al. Omega-3 fatty acids for the management of hypertriglyceridemia: a science advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2019; 140: e673-e691
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 19 Mozaffarian D, Maki KC, Base HE. et al. Effectiveness of a novel ω-3 krill oil agent in patients with severe hypertriglyceridemia: a randomized clinical trial. JAMA Netw Open 2022; 5: e2141898
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 20 Bhatt DL, Steg PG, Miller M. et al Cardiovascular risk reduction with icosapent ethyl for hypertriglyceridemia. N Engl J Med 2019; 380: 11-22
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 21 Zhang X, Ritonja JA, Zhou N. et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid intake and blood pressure: a dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. J Am Heart Assoc 2022; 11: e0250071
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 22 Albert CM, Campos H, Stampfer MJ. et al. Blood levels of long-chain n-3 fatty acids and risk of sudden death. N Engl J Med 2002; 346: 1113-1118
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 23 Chowdhury R, Warnakula S, Kunutsor S. et al. Association of dietary, circulating, and supplement fatty acids with coronary risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2014; 160: 398-406
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 24 Del Gobbo LC, Imamura F, Aslibekyan S. et al. ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid biomarkers and coronary heart disease. Pooling project of 19 cohort studies. JAMA Intern Med 2016; 176: 1155-1166
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 25 Harris WS, Luo J, Pottala JV. et al. Red blood cell polyunsaturated fatty acids and mortality in the Women’s Initiative Memory Study. J Clin Lipidol 2017; 11: 250-259
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 26 Kleber ME, Delgado GE, Lorkowksi S. et al. Omega-3- fatty acids and mortality in patients referred for coronary angiography. The Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study. Atherosclerosis 2016; 252: 175-181
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 27 Harris WS, Tintle NL, Etherton MR. et al. Erythrocyte long-chain omega-3 fatty acid levels are inversely associated with mortality and with incident cardiovascular disease: The Framingham Heart Study. J Clin Lipidol 2018; 12: 718-727
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 28 Siscovick DS, Barringer TA, Fretts AM. et al. Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (fish oil) supplementation and the prevention of clinical cardiovascular disease: A science advisory from the American Heart Association. Circulation 2017; 135: e867-e884
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 29 Amiano P, Machòn M, Dorronsoro N. et al. Intake of total omega-3 fatty acids, eisosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid and risk of coronary heart disease in the Spanish EPIC cohort study. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2014; 24: 321-327
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 30 Marchioli R, Barzi F, Bomba E. et al. Early protection against sudden death by n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids after myocardial infarction: time-course analysis of the results of the Gruppo Italiano per lo Studio della Sopravvivenza nell’Infarto Miocardico (GISSI)-Prevenzione. Circulation 2002; 105: 1897-1903
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 31 Yokoyama M, Origasa H, Matsuzaki M. et al. Effects of eicosapentaenoic acid on major coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients (JELIS): a randomised open-label, blinded endpoint analysis. Lancet 2007; 369: 1090-1098
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 32 Rauch B, Schiele R, Schneider S. et al. OMEGA, a randomized, placebo-controlled trial to test the effects of highly purified omega-3 fatty acids on top of modern guideline-adjusted therapy after myocardial infarction. Circulation 2010; 122: 2152-2159
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 33 Bosch J, Gerstein HC, Dagenais GR. et al. (ORIGIN Trial Investigators): n-3 fatty acids and cardiovascular outcomes in patients with dysglycemia. N Engl J Med 2012; 367: 309-318
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 34 Bowman L, Mafham M, Wallendszus K. et al. (ASCEND Study Collaborative Group): Effects of n-3- fatty acid supplements in diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med 2018; 379: 1540-1550
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 35 Boden WE, Bhatt DL, Toth PP. et al. Profound reductions in first and total cardiovascular events with icosapent ethyl in the REDUCE-IT trial: why these results usher in a new era in dyslipidaemia therapeutics. Eur Heart J 2020; 41: 2304-2312
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 36 Bernasconi AA, Wiest MM, Lavie CJ. et al. Effect of omega-3- dosage on cardiovascular outcomes: An updated meta-analysis and meta-regression of interventional trials. Mayo Clin Proc 2021; 96: 304-313
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 37 von Schacky C. Omega-3 index in 2018/19. Proc Nutr Soc 2020; 11: 1-7
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 38 Lemaitre RN, King IB, Mozzafarian D. et al. n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, fatal ischemic heart disease, and nonfatal myocardial infarction in older adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study. Am J Clin Nutr 2003; 77: 319-325
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 39 Harris WS, von Schacky C. The omega-3 index: a new risk factor for death from coronary heart disease?. Prev Med 2004; 39: 212-220
    CrossrefPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 40 Stossier H, Bayer W. Studie zum Einfluss von Leinöl und Fischöl als Quellen für Omega-3-Fettsäuren auf den Fettsäurestatus. Zs f. Orthomol Med 2009; 7: 11-15
    Thieme ConnectPubMedSearch in Google Scholar
  • 41 Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ernährung. D-A-CH Referenzwerte für die Nährstoffzufuhr. 7. Aufl. Bonn: DGE-Medienservice; 2021
    Search in Google Scholar