Das postoperative Delir ist eine komplexe Störung, und es gibt kein Medikament, das allein zur Delir-Behandlung geeignet wäre. In der Therapie stehen nichtpharmakologische Maßnahmen im
Vordergrund – eine pharmakologische Behandlung kommt nur bei schwerwiegenden Symptomen zum Einsatz; sie sollte zeitnah, symptomorientiert und niedrigdosiert erfolgen.
Abstract
Postoperative delirium (POD) is a complex disorder with significant implications for health and well-being. Over the last few years, there has been a significant increase in awareness of
the pathophysiological processes, the different clinical forms and the prevention of POD. It is known that POD develops when anaesthetic- and surgery-related precipitating factors coincide
with the patient’s predisposing vulnerability. Consequently, assessing the preoperative physical, cognitive, psychological, social and resilience capabilities of patients scheduled for
surgery is critical to assessing overall risk and determining optimal preoperative, intraoperative and postoperative management, particularly as pharmacological treatment options remain
limited. For treatment, non-pharmacological measures remain in the foreground, pharmacological therapy is only used for severe symptoms, and should be symptom-oriented and low-dosed. There
is no drug that is suitable for delirium treatment alone.
Schlüsselwörter
postoperatives Delir - POD - zentrales anticholinerges Syndrom - Angst - Schmerzen - Sedierung
Keywords
postoperative delirium - central anticholinergic syndrome - anxiety - pain - sedation
