Minimalinvasive Wirbelsäulenchirurgie und aufkommende neue Techniken: Navigation, Robotik und Augmented Reality

Zusammenfassung

Minimalinvasive Operationstechniken haben sich in den letzten Jahrzehnten kontinuierlich weiterentwickelt und bedeutende technische sowie technologische Fortschritte vollzogen. So konnte sich die minimalinvasive Wirbelsäulenchirurgie von gezielten Dekompressionsverfahren bis hin zu umfangreichen Stabilisierungsoperationen in weiten Anwendungsbereichen der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie bewähren. Die Vorteile liegen in reduziertem Zugangstrauma, niedrigeren Infektionsraten und schnellerer Genesung und somit verringerter Morbidität. Zur zunehmenden Verbreitung minimalinvasiver Techniken haben die sich ebenfalls stetig weiterentwickelnde intraoperative Bildgebung und Navigation entscheidend beigetragen. Schließlich ermöglichen diese eine Orientierung mit Detektion verdeckt liegender und nicht direkt visualisierbarer Strukturen und anatomischer Landmarken. Als neue Trends der letzten Jahre kommen nun auch im Bereich der Wirbelsäulenchirurgie die Robotik und Augmented Reality zum Einsatz. Dieser Übersichtsartikel befasst sich mit den intraoperativen Techniken der Navigation, Robotik und Augmented Reality bei minimalinvasiven Wirbelsäulenoperationen.

Abstract

Minimally invasive surgical techniques evolved continuously over the past decades and made considerable technical as well as technological progress. Thus, minimally invasive spine surgery has proven its value in a wide range of spine surgery applications, from targeted decompression procedures to extensive stabilization surgery. The advantages include reduced access trauma, lower infection rates, and faster recovery and thus reduced morbidity. Intraoperative imaging and navigation, which are also constantly evolving, have contributed decisively to the increasing use of minimally invasive techniques. They allow orientation by detecting concealed structures and anatomical landmarks that cannot be visualized directly. As new trends in recent years, robotics and augmented reality are now being applied in the field of spine surgery. This review article addresses the intraoperative techniques of navigation, robotics, and augmented reality in minimally invasive spine surgery.

Schlüsselwörter

minimalinvasiv - Navigation - intraoperative Bildgebung - augmented reality - Robotik - Wirbelsäulenchirurgie

Keywords

minimally invasive - navigation - intraoperative imaging - augmented reality - robotics - spine surgery

Publication History

Article published online:
24 August 2023

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