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Notfallmedizin up2date 2022; 17(01): 21-47
DOI: 10.1055/a-1645-8677
Allgemeine und organisatorische Aspekte

Leitlinien des European Resuscitation Council 2021

Epidemiologie, System Saving Lives und Ausbildung in Reanimationsmaßnahmen
Robert Schiewe
,
Claudia Bönsch
,
Jan Wnent
,
Jan-Thorsten Gräsner
,
Jens Scholz
,
Berthold Bein
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Dieser Beitrag basiert auf den 2021 veröffentlichten Leitlinien des ERC und fasst die Inhalte der drei Kapitel Epidemiologie, lebensrettende Systeme und Lehre in der Reanimation zusammen. Im Fokus steht u. a. das optimierte Zusammenspiel aller Beteiligten der sog. Überlebenskette, vor allem durch eine Verbesserung der Laienreanimationsquote und der Reanimationsqualität. Eine effiziente Lehre in der Reanimation ist die Basis für eine bestmögliche praktische Umsetzung mit dem ultimativen Ziel der Verbesserung des Überlebens der Patienten.
Kernaussagen

  • Die wahre Inzidenz des Kreislaufstillstands in Europa ist nach wie vor nicht genau bekannt und variiert zwischen den einzelnen europäischen Ländern und Regionen erheblich.

  • Wesentlicher Faktor zur Verbesserung des Outcomes nach CPR stellt eine Systemkonfiguration dar, die ein perfektes Zusammenspiel der „Chain of Survival“ garantiert. Innerklinisch soll durch Frühwarnsysteme und innerklinische schnelle Eingreifteams das Auftreten eines Kreislaufstillstands möglichst verhindert werden.

  • Die drei Faktoren der Überlebensformel für ein verbessertes Überleben sind die Leitlinienqualität (Wissenschaft), eine effiziente Ausbildung der Helfer (Ausbildung) und eine gut funktionierende lokale Überlebenskette (lokale Umsetzung).

  • Bereits jüngere Kinder sind in der Lage, einen Kreislaufstillstand zu erkennen und Hilfe zu rufen. Allen Schulkindern soll das Konzept „Prüfen – Rufen – Drücken“ beigebracht werden.

  • Die individuelle Lebensqualität der Überlebenden nach Kreislaufstillstand kann trotz als gut eingestuftem neurologischem Outcome stark vermindert sein, und es besteht Bedarf an einer besseren Bereitstellung von Rehabilitationsmöglichkeiten, speziell nach erfolgter Reanimation.

  • Human Factors sind essenziell für eine qualitativ hochwertige Reanimation, und die vermehrte Aufmerksamkeit für diese nicht technischen Fähigkeiten kann medizinische Fehler reduzieren und die Patientensicherheit erhöhen.

Schlüsselwörter

Herz-Kreislauf-Stillstand - Wiederbelebung - Advanced Life Support - Leitlinie - Epidemiologie - Systems Saving Lives - Out of Hospital Cardiac Arrest - In Hospital Cardiac Arrest - Reanimationsschulung


Publication History

Article published online:
01 March 2022

© 2022. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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