Fucoidan aus Braunalgen

Zusammenfassung

Fucoidan ist ein Polysaccharid, das in Meeresbraunalgen, vor allem der Wakame-Alge, vorkommt. Es ist in vielen Ländern Asiens Bestandteil der täglichen Ernährung mit Algen, darüber hinaus wird es in der traditionellen asiatischen Medizin zur komplementären Behandlung von Tumorerkrankungen eingesetzt. Seit Kurzem ist Fucoidan auch in der EU als „Novel Food“-Lebensmittel bzw. Nahrungsergänzung zugelassen. Fucoidane besitzen eine Vielzahl an antikanzerogenen Wirkungen, was in vitro, in vivo und in klinischen Pilotstudien nachgewiesen werden konnte: Sie reduzieren proinflammatorische Prozesse, können die Proliferation von Krebszellen unterdrücken, aktivieren die Apoptose-Signale von Krebszellen und hemmen die Bildung von vaskulären Wachstumsfaktoren (VEGF), wodurch Angiogenese und Metastasierung unterdrückt werden können. Fucoidan besitzt sowohl systemische Wirkungen – erstmalig nachgewiesen mit Hilfe der microRNA Biomarker-Diagnostik – als auch lokale Wirkungen. Als Biological Response Modifier aktiviert und verbessert Fucoidan die Immunantwort im Darm als First-Line-Abwehr von Tumorzellen und Schlüsselfaktor der Tumorbekämpfung, es wirkt zusätzlich als Booster der natürlichen Killerzellaktivität. Fucoidan kann die Nebenwirkungen von Chemo- und Strahlentherapien reduzieren und es kann die therapeutischen Effekte konventioneller Tumortherapien verbessern. Der Beitrag stellt klinische Ergebnisse zu Fucoidan beim metastasierten Kolonkarzinom sowie bei Brustkrebs vor.

Abstract

Fucoidan is a polysaccharide found in marine brown algae, especially wakame algae. It is part of the daily diet of algae in many Asian countries, in addition, it is used in traditional Asian medicine for the complementary treatment of tumor diseases. Recently, fucoidan has also been approved in the EU as a “novel food”. Fucoidans possess a variety of anticarcinogenic effects, which has been demonstrated in vitro, in vivo and in pilot clinical studies: They reduce proinflammatory processes, can suppress cancer cell proliferation, activate cancer cell apoptosis signaling, and inhibit vascular growth factor (VEGF) formation, thereby suppressing angiogenesis and metastasis. Fucoidan has both, systemic effects – demonstrated for the first time using microRNA biomarker diagnostics – and local effects. As a biological response modifier, fucoidan activates and enhances the immune response in the intestine as a first line of defense against tumor cells and a key factor in tumor control, it also acts as a booster of natural killer cell activity. Fucoidan can reduce the side effects of chemotherapy and radiotherapy and it can improve the therapeutic effects of conventional tumor therapies. The paper presents clinical results on fucoidan in metastatic colon carcinoma and breast cancer.

Schlüsselwörter

Fucoidan - Undaria pinnatifida - komplementäre Tumortherapie - Braunalgen - Brustkrebs

Key words

Fucoidan - Undaria pinnatifida - complementary tumor therapy - brown seaweed - breast cancer

Publication History

Article published online:
08 December 2021

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