Update 2021: COVID-19 aus Sicht der Neurologie

Der überwiegende Teil der Patienten mit einer COVID-19-Erkrankung zeigt im Verlauf neurologische Symptome. Des Weiteren entwickelt sich, teils auch nach unkomplizierten Verläufen, das sogenannte Post-COVID-Syndrom mit langanhaltenden Symptomen. In diesem Artikel möchten wir einen Überblick über den aktuellen Stand der neurologischen Beteiligung im Rahmen der SARS-CoV-2-Infektion geben.

Abstract

Neurological complications, direct affection of neuronal structures in the course of infections with SARS-CoV-2 and long-term effects (“long COVID”) are evident. This article aims to summarize and evaluate the current literature on this topic.

Schlüsselwörter

SARS-CoV-2 - COVID-19 - neurologische Komplikationen - Post-COVID - Long-COVID

Key words

SARS-CoV-2 - COVID-19 - neurological complications - long COVID

Publication History

Article published online:
13 July 2021

• Literatur

• 1 Ellul MA, Benjamin L, Singh B. et al. Neurological associations of COVID-19. Lancet Neurol 2020; 19: 767-783
• 2 Maury A, Lyoubi A, Peiffer-Smadja N. et al. Neurological manifestations associated with SARS-CoV-2 and other coronaviruses: A narrative review for clinicians. Rev Neurol (Paris) 2021; 177: 51-64
• 3 Eskandar EN, Altschul DJ, de la Garza Ramos R. et al. Neurologic Syndromes Predict Higher In-Hospital Mortality in COVID-19. Neurology 2021; 96: e1527-e1538
• 4 Yassin A, Nawaiseh M, Shaban A. et al. Neurological manifestations and complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Neurol 2021; 21: 138
• 5 Taquet M, Geddes JR, Husain M. et al. 6-month neurological and psychiatric outcomes in 236 379 survivors of COVID-19: a retrospective cohort study using electronic health records. Lancet Psychiatry 2021; 8: 416-427
• 6 Reynolds JL, Mahajan SD. SARS-COV2 Alters Blood Brain Barrier Integrity Contributing to Neuro-Inflammation. J Neuroimmune Pharmacol 2021; 16: 4-6
• 7 El-Sayed A, Aleya L, Kamel M. COVID-19: a new emerging respiratory disease from the neurological perspective. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2021;
• 8 Huang YH, Jiang D, Huang JT. SARS-CoV-2 Detected in Cerebrospinal Fluid by PCR in a Case of COVID-19 Encephalitis. Brain Behav Immun 2020;
• 9 Moriguchi T, Harii N, Goto J. et al. A first case of meningitis/encephalitis associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2. Int J Infect Dis 2020; 94: 55-58
• 10 Matschke J, Lütgehetmann M, Hagel C. et al. Neuropathology of patients with COVID-19 in Germany: a post-mortem case series. Lancet Neurol 2020; 19: 919-929
• 11 Bryce C, Grimes Z, Pujadas E. et al. Pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2: the Mount Sinai COVID-19 autopsy experience. Mod Pathol 2021;
• 12 Thakur KT, Miller EH, Glendinning MD. et al. COVID-19 neuropathology at Columbia University Irving Medical Center/New York Presbyterian Hospital. Brain 2021;
• 13 Lou M, Yuan D, Liao S. et al. Potential mechanisms of cerebrovascular diseases in COVID-19 patients. J Neurovirol 2021; 27: 35-51
• 14 Zhou SY, Zhang C, Shu WJ. et al. Emerging roles of coronavirus in autoimmune diseases. Arch Med Res 2021;
• 15 Abu-Rumeileh S, Abdelhak A, Foschi M. et al. Guillain-Barré syndrome spectrum associated with COVID-19: an up-to-date systematic review of 73 cases. J Neurol 2021; 268: 1133-1170
• 16 Huo L, Xu KL, Wang H. Clinical features of SARS-CoV-2-associated encephalitis and meningitis amid COVID-19 pandemic. World J Clin Cases 2021; 9: 1058-1078
• 17 Chiveri L, Verrengia E, Muscia F. et al. Limbic encephalitis in a COVID-19 patient?. J Neurovirol 2021;
• 18 Sarigecili E, Arslan I, Ucar HK. et al. Pediatric anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis associated with COVID-19. Childs Nerv Syst 2021;
• 19 Franke C, Ferse C, Kreye J. et al. High frequency of cerebrospinal fluid autoantibodies in COVID-19 patients with neurological symptoms. Brain Behav Immun 2021; 93: 415-419
• 20 Ntaios G, Michel P, Georgiopoulos G. et al. Characteristics and Outcomes in Patients With COVID-19 and Acute Ischemic Stroke: The Global COVID-19 Stroke Registry. Stroke 2020; 51: e254-e258
• 21 Greinacher A, Thiele T, Warkentin TE. et al. Thrombotic Thrombocytopenia after ChAdOx1 nCov-19 Vaccination. N Engl J Med 2021;
• 22 Huang C, Huang L, Wang Y. et al. 6-month consequences of COVID-19 in patients discharged from hospital: a cohort study. Lancet 2021; 397: 220-232
• 23 Amenta EM, Spallone A, Rodriguez-Barradas MC. et al. Postacute COVID-19: An Overview and Approach to Classification. Open Forum Infect Dis 2020; 7: ofaa509
• 24 Almqvist J, Granberg T, Tzortzakakis A. et al. Neurological manifestations of coronavirus infections – a systematic review. Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020; 7: 2057-2071
• 25 Higgins V, Sohaei D, Diamandis EP. et al. COVID-19: from an acute to chronic disease? Potential long-term health consequences. Crit Rev Clin Lab Sci 2020; 1-23
• 26 Desai I, Manchanda R, Kumar N. et al. Neurological manifestations of coronavirus disease 2019: exploring past to understand present. Neurol Sci 2021; 42: 773-785
• 27 Guedj E, Campion JY, Dudouet P. et al. F-FDG brain PET hypometabolism in patients with long COVID. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021;
• 28 S3-Leitlinie zu Empfehlungen zur stationären Therapie von Patienten mit COVID-19. Langversion – 2021 AWMF Registernummer: 113–001 (23.02.2021). Im Internet (Stand: 14.06.2021): https://www.awmf.org/leitlinien/detail/ll/113-001LG.html