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DOI: 10.1055/a-1373-6218
Leberresektionen können bei vorsichtiger Patientenselektion auch in Zirrhose sicher durchgeführt werden
Liver Resections Can Be Safely Performed in Cirrhotic Patients after Careful Patient Selection![](https://www.thieme-connect.de/media/zblchir/202302/lookinside/thumbnails/10-1055-a-1373-6218_zbc1649-1.jpg)
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Das hepatozelluläre Karzinom (HCC) ist der häufigste maligne Lebertumor in einer Leberzirrhose. Neben der Lebertransplantation stellt die Leberresektion in kompensierter Zirrhose eine kurative Therapieoption dar, die jedoch mit einer höheren postoperativen Morbidität und Mortalität einhergeht.
Patienten Es wurden 108 Patienten identifiziert, die mit einer Leberzirrhose im Zeitraum von Januar 2008 bis Dezember 2019 an der Universitätsmedizin Mainz eine Leberresektion erhalten haben. Im gleichen Zeitraum wurden 185 Resektionen wegen eines HCC in nicht zirrhotischer Leber durchgeführt. Als weitere Kontrollgruppe dienten 167 Resektionen wegen kolorektaler Lebermetastasen (CRLM), die dem Ausmaß der Resektionen in Leberzirrhose entsprachen. Neben den generellen Patientencharakteristika wurde bei allen Patienten präoperativ der Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) erhoben und der MELD-/Child-Score bestimmt. Die perioperative Morbidität wurde nach der Clavien-Dindo-Klassifikation erfasst. Resektionen eines HCC in Zirrhose und kolorektaler Lebermetastasen wurden zudem in einer Match-Pair-Analyse verglichen.
Ergebnisse Die 3 Gruppen waren hinsichtlich des Alters zum Operationszeitpunkt vergleichbar. Die präoperative Leberfunktion war bei Patienten mit CRLM signifikant besser (p < 0,001). Patienten mit einem HCC in einer nicht zirrhotischen Leber hatten ausgedehntere Resektionen (p < 0,001) als Patienten mit HCC in zirrhotischer Leber. Die Gesamtmorbidität (Clavien/Dindo Grad III – IV) war bei Patienten mit einem HCC in Zirrhose höher als bei Patienten mit kolorektalen Lebermetastasen (p = 0,026). Dies bestätigte sich auch in der Match-Pair-Analyse. Die Mortalität war im gesamten Kollektiv vergleichbar niedrig (2,2%). Weder MELD- noch Child-Score ließen eine Aussage über die postoperative Morbidität und Mortalität zu (Area under the Curve: AUC jeweils < 0,6). Der CCI erreichte mit einer AUC von 0,78 eine hinreichende Vorhersage auf die postoperative Mortalität.
Schlussfolgerung Resektionen in einer Leberzirrhose sind bei einer Begrenzung des Resektionsausmaßes und entsprechender Patientenselektion mit einem vertretbaren Risiko möglich. Komorbiditäten erhöhen zusätzlich zu einer Einschränkung der Leberfunktion die postoperative Mortalität, weshalb diese unbedingt in die Patientenselektion integriert werden sollten.
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent malignant primary liver tumour in a cirrhotic liver. Liver transplantation and resection are the only curative treatment options in compensated liver cirrhosis, but liver resections are associated with increased perioperative morbidity and mortality.
Patients We identified 108 cirrhotic patients, who underwent liver resections at the University Hospital of Mainz between January 2008 and December 2019. During the same period, 185 liver resections were performed for HCC in non-cirrhotic livers. Furthermore, 167 liver resections served as control group, which were performed for colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) with comparable extent of resection to HCC in cirrhotic livers. Preoperatively, we assessed the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), MELD and Child scores in addition to the general patient characteristics. Perioperative morbidity was graded according to the Clavien-Dindo classification. Resections of HCC in cirrhosis and liver metastases were additionally compared by a matched-pair analysis.
Results The three groups were comparable in age. Preoperative liver function was best in patients with CRLM (p < 0.001). Resections for HCC in non-cirrhotic livers were more extended than in cirrhotic livers (p < 0.001). The overall morbidity (Clavien/Dindo stage III – IV) was higher after resections in cirrhotic livers than in CRLM resections (p = 0.026). Postoperative mortality was comparably low in all three groups (2.2%). Neither MELD nor Child score was predictive for postoperative morbidity or mortality (area under the curve: AUC < 0.6, each). Preoperative CCI was predictive for postoperative mortality (AUC = 0.78).
Conclusions Liver resections in cirrhotic livers are feasible after adequate patient selection and limitation of the extent of surgery. Comorbidities additionally increase the postoperative mortality in addition to impaired liver function and should therefore always be included into the preoperative assessment of patients undergoing liver surgery.
Publication History
Article published online:
04 March 2021
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