Neuroprotektion und Regeneration im Zentralnervensystem

Zusammenfassung

Die Entwicklung neuroprotektiver und regenerativer Therapieansätze im Zentralnervensystem (ZNS) stellt eine große Herausforderung in der klinischen und grundlagenbasierten Forschung dar. Im Gegensatz zum peripheren Nervensystem, das eine vergleichsweise hohe intrinsische Regenerationsfähigkeit zeigt, ist diese Eigenschaft im adulten ZNS nur schwach ausgeprägt. In dieser Übersichtsarbeit sollen einige grundlegende Wachstumsmechanismen zentralnervöser Neurone beleuchtet werden, ebenso wie Faktoren, die einer erfolgreichen Regeneration nach Schädigung entgegenstehen. Vorwiegend im Kontext der Glaukomerkrankung werden präklinische und klinische Studien vorgestellt, die das Verständnis neurodegenerativer Vorgänge im optischen System verbessern und somit die Grundlagen für aktuelle und zukünftige Therapiestrategien liefern können.

Abstract

The development of neuroprotective and regenerative therapies in the central nervous system (CNS) poses a major challenge in clinical and basic research. In contrast to the peripheral nervous system, which has a comparatively high intrinsic regenerative capacity, this characteristic is poorly developed in the adult CNS. In this review, some basic growth mechanisms of CNS neurons will be highlighted, as well as factors that prevent successful regeneration after injury. Primarily in the context of glaucoma, preclinical and clinical studies are presented which can improve the understanding of neurodegenerative processes in the optical system and thus provide the basis for current and future therapeutic strategies.

Schlüsselwörter

Glaukom - Neuroophthalmologie - Neuroprotektion

Key words

glaucoma - neuroophthalmology - neuroprotection

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