Gestationsdiabetes – aktuelle Entwicklungen

Abstract

Gestational diabetes is asymptomatic. Screening in Germany has been part of the maternity guidelines since 2012. Uncovering the glucose tolerance disorder and intensive treatment reduce maternal and child risks. The aim of treatment for diabetic pregnant women is to align the results for mother and child with the results of metabolically healthy pregnant women. In addition to the diabetological therapy control through blood glucose measurements and weight control in the mother, a qualified sonographic growth control of the fetus can be used as a support. In 70–90 % of GDM cases, non-pharmacological basic therapy is sufficient; the gold standard in pharmacotherapy is insulin. Maternity clinics with a spatially connected children’s clinic offer the best security for mother and child at birth. Breastfeeding should be recommended and encouraged because of its long-term protective effects

Gestationsdiabetes mellitus (GDM) ist eine Glukosetoleranzstörung, die erstmals in der Schwangerschaft diagnostiziert wird. Dadurch ergeben sich höhere Risiken für Mutter und Kind. Dieser Artikel gibt eine praxisorientierte Übersicht über einige ausgewählte neuere Entwicklungen und Perspektiven im Bereich des Gestationsdiabetes; zudem stellt er bewährte und evidenzbasierte Handlungswege vor.

Schlüsselwörter

Diabetes mellitus - Schwangerschaft - oraler Glukosetoleranztest - oGGT, Adipositas

Key words

gestational diabetes - diabetes mellitus - pregnancy - oral glucose tolerance test - obesity

Publication History

Article published online:
29 April 2020

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