Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-2007-970839
Ein Händedruck der Mütter - richtungweisend bei der Diagnostik des floppy infant: Diagnosestellung der myotonen Dystrophie und ihrer kongenitalen Form
Shake Hands with the Mother - Diagnosing a Floppy Infant: Myotonic Dystrophy and the Congenital SubtypePublication History
Publication Date:
06 June 2007 (online)
Zusammenfassung
Die myotone Dystrophie, häufigste degenerative Myopathie des Erwachsenen, ist eine Multiorganerkrankung mit autosomal-dominantem Erbgang. Das klinische Bild variiert stark und kann von einer milden adulten Form mit Myotonie bis zu einer schweren neonatalen Hypotonie mit respiratorischer Insuffizienz reichen. Die kongenitale myotone Dystrophie ist durch eine hohe perinatale Morbidität und Mortalität gekennzeichnet. Nicht selten führt die Diagnose einer kongenitalen myotonen Dystrophie erst zur Diagnose bei der Mutter mit gravierenden Auswirkungen für ihr weiteres Leben, weitere Schwangerschaften und Kinder. Wir berichten über vier Familien, bei denen die mütterliche Erkrankung bis zur Geburt eines betroffenen Kindes nicht bekannt war. Weder Schwangerschaftsanamnese noch geburtshilfliche und neonatale Komplikationen sind spezifisch, ihre Kombination sollte jedoch an das Vorliegen einer kongenitalen myotonen Dystrophie denken lassen. Richtungweisend für die Diagnosestellung waren die typischen fazialen Auffälligkeiten bei der Mutter und das Myotoniezeichen beim Händedruck der Mutter beim Erstbesuch auf der neonatalen Intensivtherapiestation. Das Krankheitsbild wird unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der klinischen Symptome, der Komplikationen und genetischer Aspekte dargestellt.
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy is a multi-organ disease with dominant autosomal transmission. The clinical picture is extremely variable and may range from mild adult-onset myotonia to severe congenital hypotonia with respiratory distress. Congenital myotonic dystrophy is a distinct entity with severe symptoms resulting in a high rate of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The occurence of congenital myotonic dystrophy often allows a subsequent diagnosis in the mother with important implications for her life, further pregnancies and offspring. We present four families in which maternal myotonic dystrophy and congenital myotonic dystrophy were diagnosed after birth of an affected infant. Neither the neonatal nor pregnancy complications are specific, but their combination should suggest the diagnosis. Pointing the way to diagnosis of maternal myotonic dystrophy were the facial abnormalities in the mother together with the delayed release of grip after shaking hands during the first visit of the mother on the neonatal intensive care unit. The disorder is reviewed with respect to clinical symptoms, complications and genetics.
Literatur
- 1 Damian M S, Gerlach A, Schmidt F. et al . Modafinil for excessive daytime sleepiness in myotonic dystrophy. Neurology. 2001; 56 794-796
- 2 Zierz S, Jerusalem F. Muskelerkrankungen. Stuttgart; Georg Thieme Verlag 2003
- 3 Bergoffen J, Kant J, Sladky J. et al . Paternal transmission of congenital myotonic dystrophy. J Med Genet. 1994; 31 518-520
- 4 Tanaka Y, Suzuki Y, Shimozawa N. et al . Congenital myotonic dystrophy: report of paternal transmission. Brain Develop. 2000; 22 132-134
- 5 Zeesman S, Carson N, Whelan D T. Paternal transmission of the congenital form of myotonic dystrophy type 1: a new case and review of the literature. Am J Med Genet. 2002; 107 222-226
- 6 Vanier T M. Dystrophia myotonica in childhood. BMJ. 1960; 2 1284-1288
- 7 Harper P S. Congenital myotonic dystrophy in Britain I. Clinical aspects. Arch Dis Child. 1975; 50 505-513
- 8 Koch M C, Grimm T, Harley H G, Harper P S. Genetic risks for children of women with myotonic dystrophy. Am J Hum Genet. 1991; 48 1084-1091
- 9 Brook J D, McCurrach M E, Harley H G. et al . Molecular basis of myotonic dystrophy: expansion of trinucleotide (CTG) repeats at the 3' end of a transcript encoding a protein kinase family member. Cell. 1992; 68 799-808
- 10 Magee A C, Hughes A E, Kidd A. et al . Reproductive counselling for women with myotonic dystrophy. J Med Genet. 2002; 39 E15
- 11 Redman J B, Fenwick R G, Fu Y H. et al . Relationship between parental trinucleotide CTG repeat length and severity of myotonic dystrophy in offspring. JAMA. 1993; 269 1960-1965
- 12 Koch M. Zur Klinik und Molekulargenetik der kongenitalen myotonen Dystrophie. Hautnah Pädiatr. 1995; 6 468-472
- 13 Mortier W. Muskel- und Nervenerkrankungen im Kindesalter. Stuttgart/New York; Thieme 1994: 347-354
- 14 Verrijn Stuart A A, Huisman M, Straaten H LM van. et al . „Shake hands”; diagnosing a floppy infant - myotonic dystrophy and the congenital subtype: a difficult perinatal diagnosis. J Perinat Med. 2000; 28 497-501
- 15 Wesstrom G, Bensch J, Schollin J. Congenital myotonic dystrophy. Incidence, clinical aspects and early prognosis. Acta Paediatr Scand. 1986; 75 849-854
- 16 Rudnik-Schöneborn S, Nicholson G A, Morgan G. et al . Different pattern of obstetric complications in myotonic dystrophy in relation to the disease status of the fetus. Am J Med Genetic. 1998; 80 314-321
- 17 Pearse R G, Höweler C J. Neonatal form of dystrophia myotonica. Arch Dis Child. 1979; 54 331-338
- 18 Hagemann A TM, Gabreels F JM, Liem K D. Congenital myotonic dystrophy: a report on thirteen cases and a review of the literature. J Neurol Sciences. 1993; 115 95-101
- 19 Nicholson A, Rivlin E, Sims D G. et al . Developmental delay in congenital myotonic dystrophy after neonatal intensive care. Early Hum Dev. 1990; 22 99-103
- 20 Regev R, Vries L S de, Heckmatt J Z, Dubowitz V. Cerebral ventricular dilatation in congenital myotonic dystrophy. J Pediatr. 1987; 111 372-376
- 21 Rutherford M A, Heckmatt J Z, Dubowitz V. Congenital myotonic dystrophy: respiratory function at birth determines survival. Arch Dis Child. 1989; 64 191-195
- 22 Sarnat H B, O'Connor T, Byrne P A. Clinical effects of myotonic dystrophy on pregnancy and the neonate. Arch Neurol. 1976; 33 459-465
- 23 Schmid R G, Schuierer S T. Kongenitale myotone Dystrophie. Monatsschr Kinderheilkd. 1997; 145 588-592
- 24 Esplin M S, Hallam S, Farrington P F, Nelson L. Myotonic dystrophy is a significant cause of idiopathic polyhydramnios. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998; 179 974-977
- 25 Atlas I, Smolin A. Combined maternal and congenital myotonic dystrophy managed by a multidisciplinary team. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 1999; 87 175-178
- 26 Roig M, Balliu P R, Navarro C. et al . Presentation, clinical course and outcome of the congenital form of myotonic dystrophy. Pediatr Neurol. 1994; 11 208-213
- 27 Boyle R. Antenatal and preoperative genetic and clinical assessment in myotonic dystrophy. Anaesth Intensive Care. 1999; 27 301-306
- 28 Avanzini A, Crossignani R M, Colombini A. Sleep apnea and respiratory dysfunction in congenital myotonic dystrophy. Minerva Pediatr. 2001; 53 221-225
- 29 Campbell C, Sherlock R, Jacob P, Blayney M. Congenital myotonic dystrophy: assisted ventilation duration and outcome. Pediatrics. 2004; 113 811-816
- 30 Keller C, Reynolds A, Lee B, Garcia-Prats J. Congenital myotonic dystrophy requiring prolonged endotracheal and noninvasive assisted ventilation: not a uniformly fatal condition. Pediatrics. 1998; 101 704 - 706
- 31 Rudnik-Schöneborn S, Zerres K. Outcome in pregnancies complicated by myotonic dystrophy: a study of 31 patients and review of the literature. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2004; 114 44-53
- 32 Lee S, Chan K, Chow C B. Survival of a 30-week baby with congenital myotonic dystrophy initially ventilated for 55 days. J Paediatr Child Health. 1999; 35 313-314
- 33 Osborne J P, Murphy E G, Hill A. Thin ribs on chest X-ray: a useful sign in the differential diagnosis of the floppy infant. Dev Med Child Neurol. 1983; 25 343-345
- 34 Yong S C, Boo N Y, Ong L C. A case of congenital myotonic dystrophy presented with diaphragmatic paresis during the neonatal period. J Paediatr Child Health. 2003; 39 567-568
- 35 Rettwitz-Volk W, Wikstroem M, Flodmark O. Occlusive hydrocephalus in congenital myotonic dystrophy. Brain Develop. 2001; 23 122-124
- 36 Conolly M B, Roland E H, Hill A. Clinical features for prediction of survival in neonatal muscle disease. Pediatr Neurol. 1992; 8 285-288
- 37 Reardon W, Newcombe R, Fenton I. et al . The natural history of congenital myotonic dystrophy: mortality and long-term clinical aspects. Arch Dis Child. 1993; 68 177-181
- 38 Erikson A, Forsberg H, Drugge U, Holmgren G. Outcome of pregnancy in women with myotonic dystrophy and analysis of CTG gene expansion. Acta Paediatr. 1995; 84 416-418
- 39 Hawley R J, Milner M R, Gottdiener J S, Cohen A. Myotonic heart disease: a clinical follow-up. Neurology. 1991; 41 259-262
- 40 Igarashi H, Momoi M Y, Yamagata T. et al . Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in congenital myotonic dystrophy. Pediatr Neurol. 1998; 18 366-369
- 41 Cantagrel S, Chamboux C, Toutain A, Langier J. Congenital neonatal myotonic dystrophy with persistent pulmonary hypertension and coma: a difficult diagnosis. J Perinat Med. 1999; 27 136-137
- 42 Dufour P, Berard J, Vinatier D. et al . Myotonic dystrophy and pregnancy. A report of two cases and review of the literature. Eur J Obstet Gynecol. 1992; 72 159-164
Dr. med. Ulrike Reuner
Klinik und Poliklinik für Neurologie, Medizinische Fakultät der Technischen Universität
Fetscherstraße 74
01307 Dresden
Email: Ulrike.Reuner@neuro.med.tu-dresden.de