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Horm Metab Res 2006; 38(1): 38-43
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-924982
Original Clinical
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Effects of Coffee Consumption on Glucose Tolerance, Serum Glucose and Insulin Levels - A Cross-sectional Analysis

S.  Bidel1, 2 , G.  Hu1, 2 , J.  Sundvall1 , J.  Kaprio2, 4 , J.  Tuomilehto1, 2, 3
  • 1Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
  • 2Department of Public Health, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
  • 3South Ostrobothnia Central Hospital, Seinäjoki, Finland
  • 4Department of Mental Health and Alcohol Research, National Public Health Institute, Helsinki, Finland
Further Information

Publication History

Received 12 April 2005

Accepted after second revision 10 August 2005

Publication Date:
13 February 2006 (online)

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Abstract

Objective: Coffee has several metabolic effects that could reduce the risk of type 2 diabetes. Our objective was to examine the effects of coffee consumption on glucose tolerance, glucose and insulin levels. Research design and methods: A subsample of subjects aged 45 to 64 years in 1987 and in 1992 from the population-based FINRISK study (12 287 individuals) was invited to receive the standard oral glucose tolerance test at baseline. Plasma samples were taken after an overnight fast, and a two-hour oral glucose tolerance test was administered. Fasting and two-hour plasma glucose and insulin were measured in 2434 subjects with data on coffee use and potential confounders. Results: After adjustment for potential confounding factors (age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure, occupational, commuting and leisure time physical activity, alcohol and tea drinking, smoking), coffee consumption was significantly and inversely associated with fasting glucose, two-hour plasma glucose, and fasting insulin in both men and women. Coffee consumption was significantly and inversely associated with impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose regulation, and hyperinsulinemia among both men and women and with isolated impaired glucose tolerance among women. Conclusions: In this cross-sectional analysis, coffee showed positive effects on several glycemia markers.

Key words

Hypoglycemia - hyperinsulinemia - clorogenic acid - caffeine - glucose regulation

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Dr. Siamak Bidel

Diabetes and Genetic Epidemiology Unit · Department of Epidemiology and Health Promotion · National Public Health Institute

Mannerheimintie 166 · FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland

Phone: +358 (9) 47 44 86 06

Fax: +358 (9) 47 44 83 38

Email: siamak.bidel@ktl.fi