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Seminars in Neurosurgery 2000; 11(2): 165-176
DOI: 10.1055/s-2000-13229
Copyright © 2000 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA. Tel.: +1(212) 584-4662

OVERVIEW OF FRAMELESS STEREOTACTIC TECHNIQUES FOR LUMBAR SPINE SURGERY

Mark R. McLaughlin1 , Regis W. Haid2  Jr. , Gerald E. Rodts2  Jr. , Brian R. Subach2
  • 1Neurosurgical and Neurological Group, Inc., Springfield, Massachusetts
  • 2Department of Neurosurgery, Emory University, School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia
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Publication History

Publication Date:
31 December 2000 (online)

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ABSTRACT

Frameless stereotactic techniques for lumbar spine surgery have evolved because of the greater need for accurate placement of lumbar instrumentation. Although plain radiography and fluoroscopy guided surgeons for years, stereotaxis, a three-dimensional technology, allows for improved bony purchase to optimize fixation. More precise instrumentation decreases the risk of vascular or neurologic complications, shortens operating time, and decreases both the patient's and the surgeon's exposure to ionizing radiation. The currently available techniques of frameless stereotactic lumbar spine surgery are described. The newest development in intraoperative guidance, virtual fluoroscopy, is also discussed. Benefits and limitations of these technologies are reviewed. The history, technical aspects, and nuances of these technologies are reviewed.

KEYWORD

Frameless stereotaxis - neuronavigation - spine surgery

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