Auf die Plätze, fertig – Mahlzeit!

Zusammenfassung

Bei Weltraummissionen ist eine ausreichende und adäquate Ernährung die Grundvoraussetzung für die Gesundheit der Astronauten. Die Ernährungsplanung ist jedoch mit vielen Unsicherheiten behaftet und basiert größtenteils auf Studien, die auf der Erde durchgeführt und auf die Bedingungen im Weltraum übertragen werden. Sport wirkt sich positiv sowohl auf die körperliche Leistungsfähigkeit als auch auf das Befinden aus. Aus diesem Grund trainieren Astronauten in der Regel 2,5 Stunden pro Tag. Sport wird bei der Ernährungsplanung bisher jedoch unzureichend berücksichtigt. Das birgt die Gefahr einer Unterversorgung, die Abbauprozesse im All begünstigt. Wie der Ernährungsplan an dieses Sportprogramm angepasst werden muss, ist fraglich. Weder der sportbedingte Kalorienverbrauch noch der Nährstoffbedarf im Weltraum sind derzeit ausreichend geklärt. Grundsätzlich dienen wissenschaftliche Studien auf der Erde der Ernährungsplanung im Weltall und umgekehrt.

Abstract

During space missions, sufficient and adequate nutrition is a fundamental requirement for the health of the astronauts. Nutrition planning is, however, be set by many insecurities and uncertainties and is mostly based on studies that have been conducted on Earth and are transferred to conditions in space. Exercise has a positive effect on physical performance ability as well as mood. For this reason, astronauts usually exercise for two and a half hours per day. However, such exercise is insufficiently considered during nutrition planning. This entails the risk of underprovision, which encourages degenerative processes in space. Questions remain over how nutrition plans should be adapted to this exercise programme. Neither exercise-related calorie requirements nor nutrient requirements in space are currently sufficiently well known. Basically, scientific studies in Earth are used to plan nutrition in space – and vice versa.

Schlüsselwörter

Ernährungsplanung - Appetit - Sport - Kalorienverbrauch - Nährstoffbedarf - degenerative Prozesse - Befinden

Keywords

nutrition planning - appetite - exercise/sports - calorie consumption - nutrient requirement - degenerative processes - wellbeing

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