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CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Eur J Dent 2019; 13(03): 470-477
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1693524
Review Article
Dental Investigation Society

Modifications of Glass Ionomer Cement Powder by Addition of Recently Fabricated Nano-Fillers and Their Effect on the Properties: A Review

Imran Alam Moheet 
1   School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
,
Norhayati Luddin 
1   School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
,
Ismail Ab Rahman 
1   School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
,
Thirumulu Ponnuraj Kannan 
1   School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
,
Nik Rozainah Nik Abd Ghani 
1   School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian, Kelantan, Malaysia
,
Saman Malik Masudi 
2   Department of Restorative Dentistry, Lincoln University College, Selangor, Malaysia
› Author Affiliations Funding This work was supported by the Malaysian Ministry of Higher Education under Fundamental Research Grant Scheme (FRGS/203/PPSG/6171173).
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
07 July 2019 (online)

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Abstract

The aim of this article is to provide a brief insight regarding the recent studies and their recommendations related to the modifications to glass ionomer cement (GIC) powder in order to improve their properties. An electronic search of publications was made from the year 2000 to 2018. The databases included in the current study were EBSCOhost, PubMed, and ScienceDirect. The inclusion criteria for the current study include publication with abstract or full-text articles, original research, reviews or systematic reviews, in vitro, and in vivo studies that were written in English language. Among these only articles published in peer-reviewed journals were included. Articles published in other languages, with no available abstract and related to other nondentistry fields, were excluded. A detailed review of the recent materials used as a filler phase in GIC powder has revealed that not all modifications produce beneficial results. Recent work has demonstrated that modification of GIC powder with nano-particles has many beneficial effects on the properties of the material. This is due to the increase in surface area and surface energy, along with better particle distribution of the nano-particle. Therefore, more focus should be given on nano-particle having greater chemical affinity for GIC matrix as well as the tooth structure that will enhance the physicochemical properties of GIC.

Keywords

glass ionomer cement - powder modification - physicomechanical properties - nano-ceramics - nano-fillers
 

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