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DOI: 10.1055/a-2736-6561
Integration of Real-World Data into Clinical Trials: An Interdisciplinary Discussion from Regulatory and Practical Perspectives
Einbindung von versorgungsnahen Daten in klinische Studien – Interdisziplinäre Diskussion aus regulatorischer und anwendungsbezogener SichtAuthors
Abstract
Background
Increasing efforts are required to integrate the growing volume of so-called real-world data (also named routine practice data), which are data generated outside of randomized controlled trials, into regulatory studies. Various stakeholders anticipate that such integration could save time and financial resources during the approval process of new therapies, and ethical considerations also partially support such an approach. The aim of this manuscript is to provide an overview of the methodological, ethical, and regulatory considerations when integrating routine practice data into randomized controlled trials. It targets clinical researchers, biostatisticians, regulators, and decision-makers involved in evidence generation and trial design.
Results
The inclusion of real-world data in randomized controlled trials can be meaningful from both ethical and economic perspectives. However, implementing this requires addressing various and sometimes significant limitations of the data, which need to be methodologically addressed. Therefore, it is essential to carefully weigh the risks and benefits of incorporating real world data into clinical studies.
Conclusion
Randomized trials remain the gold standard for evaluating the efficacy of new therapies. Nevertheless, real-world data have the potential to improve the complex and costly process of drug development. The assessment of the potential for a specific clinical study should be made in collaboration with all relevant stakeholders. Apart from that, real-world data have a substantial potential to expand the evidence from randomized trials after post-market approval, thereby ensuring the safety of all patients.
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund
Die wachsende Menge an sogenannten versorgungsnahen Daten, also Daten außerhalb randomisierter, kontrollierter Studien, fördert die Bestrebungen, diese in Zulassungsstudien einzubeziehen. Stakeholder erhoffen sich dadurch Zeit- und Kostenersparnisse im Zulassungsprozess neuer Therapien; auch ethische Gründe sprechen teilweise dafür. Das Ziel dieses Manuskripts ist es, einen Überblick über die methodischen, ethischen und regulatorischen Aspekte bei der Integration von Routinedaten in randomisierte kontrollierte Studien zu geben. Es richtet sich an klinische Forschende, Biostatistiker:innen, Regulierungsbehörden und Entscheidungsträger:innen, die an der Evidenzgenerierung und Studiendesign beteiligt sind.
Ergebnisse
Die Einbeziehung von versorgungsnahen Daten in randomisierten Studien kann aus ethischer und ökonomischer Sicht sinnvoll sein. Bei der Umsetzung sind jedoch unterschiedlichste, teils schwerwiegende Limitationen der Daten zu beachten, die entsprechend methodisch adressiert sein müssen. Es ist daher unverzichtbar die Risiken und Nutzen bei der Einbeziehung von versorgungsnahen Daten in klinischen Studien sorgfältig abzuwägen.
Schlussfolgerung
Randomisierte Studien bleiben der Goldstandard bei der Überprüfung der Wirksamkeit neuer Therapien. Dennoch haben versorgungsnahe Daten das Potential, den aufwendigen und kostenintensiven Prozess der Arzneimittelentwicklung zu verbessern. Die Einschätzung, wie hoch das Potential für eine konkrete klinische Studie ist, sollte in Zusammenarbeit von allen relevanten Stakeholdern getroffen werden. Davon abgesehen stellen versorgungsnahe Daten ein erhebliches Potential dar, die Evidenz aus den randomisierten Studien nach Marktzulassung zu erweitern und so die Sicherheit aller Patient:innen zu gewährleisten.
Publication History
Received: 23 May 2025
Accepted: 29 October 2025
Article published online:
23 February 2026
© 2026. The Author(s). This is an open access article published by Thieme under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, permitting unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction so long as the original work is properly cited. (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Oswald-Hesse-Straße 50, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
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