DOI: 10.1055/b-002-85464
Halpern, Ethan J.: 2011

Clinical Cardiac CT

Anatomy and Function Print ISBN 9781604063752 · Online ISBN 9781604063776
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Book

Editor: Halpern, Ethan J.

Authors: Aviram, Galit; Bogar, Linda J.; Borg, Douglas; Diehl, James T.; Fasseas, Panayotis; Fischman, David L.; Fuller, Stephanie; Giltner, Aaron M.; Gomberg, Jonathan; Halpern, Ethan J.; Hilpipre, Nicholas; Levin, David C.; McCormick, Daniel J.; Owen, Alyson N.; Pavri, Behzad B.; Quaife, Robert A.; Shipon, David M.; Silvestry, Scott C.; Sosna, Jacob; Wang, David; Zwas, Donna R.

Title: Clinical Cardiac CT

Subtitle: Anatomy and Function

Print ISBN: 9781604063752; Online ISBN: 9781604063776; Book DOI: 10.1055/b-002-85464

Second Edition © 2011 Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Georg Thieme Verlag KG, Stuttgart

Subjects: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Computed Tomography (MRI, CT);Cardiology, Angiology, Phlebology

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Front Matter
1 Key Issues in Cardiac CT
Coronary Heart Disease
Cardiac Computed Tomography Technology
Accuracy of Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography
Clinical Applications of Cardiac Computed Tomography
Appropriate Utilization of Cardiac Computed Tomography
The Comprehensive Cardiac Examination
Plaque Characterization
Rendering and Display Modes
Limitations and Future Developments
Ancillary Findings on Cardiac Computed Tomography
Conclusion
2 Technique, Protocols, Instrumentation, and Radiation Dose
Introduction
Patient Related Issues
Planning the Scan
Optimizing Patient-Related Factors
Optimizing Study Parameters
Temporal Resolution
Dose-Reduction Techniques (Table 2.2)
Electrocardiographic Editing
Image Reconstruction
Conclusion
3 Normal Coronary Anatomy
Introduction
Aortic Root
Main Coronary Arteries
Coronary Dominance
Variations in Left Coronary Circulation
Variations in Right Coronary Circulation
Conus Artery
SA Nodal Artery
Variations in the Left Main Coronary Artery
Myocardial Bridging
Capillary Level Arterial Communications
Conclusion
4 Coronary Anomalies
Introduction
Anatomic Considerations in the Diagnosis of Coronary Anomalies
Frequency of Coronary Anomalies
Anomalies of Origin and Course
Anomalies of Termination
Coronary Atresia, Hypoplasia, or Ectasia
Conclusion
5 Calcium Scoring
Cardiac Risk Stratification
6 Coronary Artery Disease
Introduction
Risk Factors for Coronary Artery Disease
Pathogenesis of Atherosclerosis
“Vulnerable” Plaque
Consequences of Coronary Atherosclerosis
CT Angiographic Assessment of Coronary Artery Disease: Stenosis
Prognostic Information Based on CT Angiographic Findings of Stenosis
Prognostic Information Based on Plaque Characterization
Plaque Calcification
Plaque Density and Composition
Plaque Volume and Remodeling Index
Plaque Characterization with Multiple Parameters
Collateral Flow
Evaluation of Coronary Artery Disease: A Clinician's Viewpoint
Diagnostic Testing for Coronary Artery Disease: General Principles
Conclusion
7 Coronary Stents
Percutaneous Coronary Interventions
8 Bypass Grafts
Introduction
9 Cardiac Morphology and Function
Introduction
Standard Imaging Views
Four-Chamber View
Three-Chamber View
Two-Chamber View
Five-Chamber View
Atrial Anatomy
Right Atrium
Left Atrium
Atrial Septum
Foramen Ovale
Intracardiac Shunts
Atrial Septal Defect
Ventricular Septal Defect
Partial Anomalous Pulmonary Venous Return
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Other Left-to-Right Shunts
Right-Sided Heart Volume or Pressure Overload
Ventricular Morphology and Function
Normal Right Ventricle
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Cardiomyopathy
Normal Left Ventricle
Myocardial Morphology
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
Left Ventricular Noncompaction
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction
Cine Evaluation of Ventricular Function
Cardiac Neoplasms
Pericardium
Conclusion
10 Valve Assessment
Introduction
Aortic Valve Anatomy
Aortic Stenosis
Aortic Regurgitation
Aortic Tumors, Vegetations, and Dissection
Prosthetic Aortic Valves
Mitral Valve Anatomy
Mitral Stenosis
Mitral Regurgitation
Mitral Prostheses
Right-Sided Valves
Conclusion
11 Ablation in the Left Atrium
Pathophysiology of Atrial Fibrillation
12 Cardiac Interventions
Multislice–Multidetector CT and Planning of Cardiac Interventions
13 Thoracic Aorta
Introduction
Normal Anatomy of the Aorta
Thoracic Aorta: Normal Variants
Congenital Anomalies of the Aorta and the Great Vessels
Aneurysmal Disease of the Ascending Aorta
Sinus of Valsalva Aneurysm
Acute Aortic Diseases
Aortic Dissection
Intramural Hematoma
Penetrating Atherosclerotic Ulcer
Post-Operative Appearance of the Aorta
Pseudoaneurysms of the Aorta
Aortitis
Conclusion
14 Congenital Heart Disease in the Adult
Introduction
Congestive Heart Disease Cardiac CT Methodology
Atrial Septal Defects
Atrial Septal Defect Types
Ventricular Septal Defects
Tetralogy of Fallot
Transposition of the Great Arteries
Complex Congenital Heart Disease
Pulmonary Vascular Disease
Cardiac Vein Mapping in Congenital Heart Disease
Cardiac CT Planning and Guidance of Interventional Procedures
Conclusion
15 Triple Rule-Out CT Angiography for Evaluation of Acute Chest Pain and Suspected Acute Coronary Syndrome
Essentials
16 Innovations in Cardiac CT: Slice Wars, Dual Energy, Myocardial Perfusion, and Targeted Contrast Agents
Introduction
Annex