Subscribe to RSS
DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1775393
Design of Synthetic Strategies towards Sulfur Containing Scaffolds
S.K. would like to thank Narsee Monjee Institute of Management Studies (NMIMS) for support.
Abstract
The utilization of sulfur heterocycles in organic synthesis has attracted significant attention due to their wide-ranging applications. This review showcases the syntheses of diverse sulfur heterocycles embedded with amino acid derivatives, polycycles, spirocycles, cyclophanes, and other complex scaffolds. The reported methods extend beyond compound synthesis and highlight the use of different sulfur reagents for constructing sulfur heterocycles. This Review also discusses the utility of a variety of sulfur-containing starting materials for the generation of complex target molecules.
1 Introduction
2 Potassium Thioacetate
3 Thiazolidine-2,4-dione
4 Rhodanines
5 Sodium Sulfide
6 Thiotetronic Acid
7 Thiadiazoles
8 Thiophene
9 Rongalite
10 Sulfur Dioxide
11 Divinyl Sulfone
12 Sulfur Heterocycles Based on Boronic Acids
13 Miscellaneous
14 Summary
Key words
sulfur heterocycles - potassium thioacetate - thiazolidine-2,4-dione - rhodanines - thiotetronic acid - thiadiazole - thiophene - rongalitePublication History
Received: 27 May 2024
Accepted after revision: 23 July 2024
Article published online:
28 August 2024
© 2024. Thieme. All rights reserved
Georg Thieme Verlag KG
Rüdigerstraße 14, 70469 Stuttgart, Germany
-
References
- 1a Sulfur Chemistry. In Topics in Current Chemistry. Jiang X. Springer; Cham: 2019
- 1b Bambas LL. Five-Membered Heterocyclic Compounds with Nitrogen and Sulfur or Nitrogen, Sulfur, and Oxygen (Except Thiazole), Vol. 4. Weissberger A. John Wiley & Sons; New York: 2008
- 1c Breslow DS, Skolnik H. Multi-Sulfur and Sulfur and Oxygen Five- and Six-Membered Heterocycles. In The Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds, Part 1, Vol. 21. Weissberger A. John Wiley & Sons; New York: 2008
- 2a Pathania S, Narang RK, Rawal RK. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2019; 180: 486
- 2b Ferro CT. B, dos Santos BF, da Silva CD. G, Brand G, da Silva BA. L, Domingues NL. C. Curr. Org. Synth. 2020; 17: 192
- 3 Kaloni TP, Giesbrecht PK, Schreckenbach G, Freund MS. Chem. Mater. 2017; 29: 10248
- 4a Groenendaal L, Zotti G, Aubert P.-H, Waybright SM, Reynolds JR. Adv. Mater. 2003; 15: 855
- 4b Heywang G, Jonas F. Adv. Mater. 1992; 4: 116
- 4c Kirchmeyer S, Reuter K. J. Mater. Chem. 2005; 15: 2077
- 5a Cohen SM, Fukushima S, Gooderham NJ, Guengerich FP, Hecht SS, Rietjens IM. C. M, Smith RL, Bastaki M, Harman CL, McGowen MM, Valerio LG. Jr, Taylor SV. Food Chem. Toxicol. 2017; 99: 40
- 5b Maga JA, Katz I. C R C Crit. Rev. Food Sci. Nutr. 1975; 6: 153
- 6 Devendar P, Yang G.-F. Sulfur-Containing Agrochemicals. In Sulfur Chemistry, Chap. 2. Jiang X. Topics in Current Chemistry Collections; Springer; Cham: 2019
- 7 Murphree SS. Heterocyclic Dyes: Preparation, Properties, and Applications. In Progress in Heterocyclic Chemistry, Vol. 22. Gribble G, Joule JA. Elsevier; Oxford: 2011: 21-58
- 8 Steingruber E. Indigo and Indigo Colorants. In Ullmann’s Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry. Wiley-VCH; Weinheim: 2004
- 9 Khan I, Saeed K, Zekker I, Zhang B, Hendi AH, Ahmad A, Ahmad S, Zada N, Ahmad H, Shah LA, Shah T, Khan I. Water 2022; 14: 242
- 10 Qiao Z, Jiang X. Potassium Thioacetate. In e-EROS Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. John Wiley & Sons; Chichester: 2014
- 11 Soria-Castro SM. Synlett 2012; 23: 2997
- 12a Ogaba OM, Warner NC, O’Leary DJ, Grubbs RH. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2018; 47: 4510
- 12b Yu M, Lou S, Gonzalez-Bobes F. Org. Process Res. Dev. 2018; 22: 918
- 12c Groso EJ, Schindler CS. Synthesis 2019; 51: 1100
- 12d Alkene Metathesis in Organic Synthesis. In Topics in Organometallic Chemistry. Fürstner A. Springer-Verlag; Berlin: 1988
- 12e Ivin KJ, Mol JC. Olefin Metathesis and Metathesis Polymerization. Academic Press; San Diego: 1997
- 12f Kotha S, Mesharam M. Chem. Asian J. 2018; 13: 1758
- 12g Kotha S, Dipak MK. Tetrahedron 2012; 68: 397
- 12h Kotha S, Lahiri K. Synlett 2007; 2767
- 12i Kotha S, Sreenivasachary N. Indian J. Chem., Sect. B: Org. Chem. Incl. Med. Chem. 2001; 40: 763
- 13 Kotha S, Gupta N, Ansari S. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2020; 6929
- 14 Kotha S, Ansari S, Gupta N. IUCr Data 2020; 5: x201464
- 15 Kotha S, Gupta NK, Solanke BU. ChemistrySelect 2023; 8: e202302672
- 16 Kotha S, Gupta NK, Ansari S. Asian J. Org. Chem. 2023; 12: e202200649
- 17 Kotha S, Gaikwad V, Chourasia UV. Asian J. Org. Chem. 2022; 11: e202200598
- 18a Visentini P. Farmaco, Ed. Sci. 1954; 9: 274
- 18b Rekha S, Shantharam U, Chandy V. Int. Res. J. Pharm. 2011; 2: 81
- 18c Youssef AM, White MS, Villanueva EB, El-Ashmawy IM, Klegeris A. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2010; 18: 2019
- 18d Shimazaki N, Togashi N, Hanai M, Isoyama T, Wada K, Fujita T, Fujiwara K, Kurakata S. Eur. J. Cancer 2008; 44: 1734
- 18e Subtel’na I, Atamanyuk D, Szymańska E, Kieć-Kononowicz K, Zimenkovsky B, Vasylenko O, Gzella A, Lesyk R. Bioorg. Med. Chem. 2010; 18: 5090
- 19a Sohda T, Mizuno K, Tawada H, Sugiyama Y, Fujita T, Kawamatsu Y. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1982; 30: 3563
- 19b Lehmann JM, Moore LB, Smith-Oliver TA, Wilkison WO, Willson TM, Kliewer SA. J. Biol. Chem. 1995; 270: 12953
- 20a Kotha S, Panguluri NR, Ali R. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2017; 5316
- 20b Wang Q, Liu H.-F, Ren S.-Y, He M.-X, Pan Y.-M. Synthesis 2023; 55: 2873
- 21a Matton P, Huvelle S, Haddad M, Phansavath P, Ratovelomanana-Vidal V. Synthesis 2022; 54: 4
- 21b Shibata Y, Tanaka K. Synthesis 2012; 44: 323
- 21c Domínguez G, Pérez-Castells J. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2011; 40: 3430
- 21d Kotha S, Lahiri K, Sreevani G. Synlett 2018; 29: 2342
- 21e Kotha S, Brahmachary E, Lahiri K. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2005; 4741
- 22 Kotha S, Sreevani G, Dzhemileva LU, Yunusbaeva MM, Dzhemilev UM, D’yakonov VA. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019; 15: 2774
- 23 Kotha S, Gaikwad V. J. Chem. Sci. 2022; 134: 58
- 24 Brosge F, Singh P, Almqvist F, Bolm C. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2021; 19: 5014
- 25 Ziarani GM, Ebrahimi D, Mohajer F, Varma RS, Iravani S. ChemistrySelect 2023; 8: e202302152
- 26 Kotha S, Gaikwad V. Heterocycles 2022; 104: 541
- 27a Tomasic T, Masic LP. Curr. Med. Chem. 2009; 16: 1596
- 27b Chaurasyia A, Chawla P, Monga V, Singh G. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2023; 101: 500
- 28 Kotha S, Sreevani G. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2018; 5935
- 29 Ma F.-P. Synlett 2011; 18: 2759
- 30 Kotha S, Gunta R. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015; 11: 1373
- 31 Kotha S, Gunta R. Heterocycles 2019; 98: 271
- 32 Sakya SM, Suarez-Contreras M, Dirlam JP, O’Connell TN, Hayashi SF, Santoro SL, Kamicker BJ, George DM, Ziegler CB. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001; 11: 2751
- 33 Kotha S, Deb A. Ind. J. Chem., Sect. B: Org. Chem. Incl. Med. Chem. 2008; 47: 1120
- 34 Kotha S, Mandal K, Deb AC, Banerjee S. Tetrahedron Lett. 2004; 45: 9603
- 35a Jain AK, Sharma S, Vaidya A, Ravichandran V, Agrawal RK. Chem. Biol. Drug Des. 2013; 81: 557
- 35b Hu Y, Li C.-Y, Wang X.-M, Yang Y.-H, Zhu H.-L. Chem. Rev. 2014; 114: 5572
- 36a Tahghighi A, Babalouei F. Iran. J. Basic Med. Sci. 2017; 20: 613
- 36b Li Y, Geng J, Liu Y, Yu S, Zhao G. ChemMedChem 2013; 8: 27
- 36c Haider S, Alam MS, Hamid H. Eur. J. Med. Chem. 2015; 92: 156
- 37 Kotha S, Singh D. J. Mol. Struct. 2023; 1275: 134600
- 38a Abedinifar F, Babazadeh Rezaei E, Biglar M. Mol. Diversity 2021; 25: 2571
- 38b Shah R, Verma PK. Chem. Cent. J. 2018; 12: 137
- 39 Kotha S, Kashinath D, Lahiri K, Sunoj RB. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2004; 4003
- 40 Kotha S, Todeti S, Gopal MB, Datta A. ACS Omega 2017; 2: 6291
- 41 Kotha S, Chinnam AK, Shirbhate ME. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015; 11: 1514
- 42a Kotha S, Behera M, Kumar RV. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2002; 12: 105
- 42b Kotha S, Behera M. J. Pept. Res. 2004; 64: 72
- 43 Damodharan L, Pattabhi V, Behera M, Kotha S. J. Mol. Struct. 2004; 705: 101
- 44 Kotha S, Behera M, Shah VA. Synlett 2005; 12: 1877
- 45a Makarov SV, Horváth AK, Silaghi-Dumitrescu RJ, Gao Q. Sodium Dithionite, Rongalite and Thiourea Oxides: Chemistry and Application. World Scientific Publishing; London: 2016
- 45b Makarov SV, Silaghi-Dumitrescu R. J. Sulfur Chem. 2013; 34: 444
- 46a Kotha S, Khedkar P. Chem. Rev. 2012; 112: 1650
- 46b Chen J.-X. Synlett 2012; 23: 157
- 46c Kotha S, Kheadkar P, Dommaraju Y. Tetrahedron Lett. 2019; 60: 631
- 46d Ali R. ChemistrySelect 2023; 8: e202302903
- 48 Kotha S, Ganesh T, Ghosh AK. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2000; 10: 1755
- 49 Kotha S, Deodhar D, Khedkar P. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2014; 12: 9054
- 50 Kotha S, Banerjee S. Synthesis 2007; 1015
- 51a Kotha S, Bansal D, Chavan AS. ACS Omega 2019; 4: 22261
- 51b Kotha S, Chavan AS, Goyal D. ACS Comb. Sci. 2015; 17: 253
- 51c Kotha S, Meshram M, Tiwari A. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2009; 38: 2065
- 52 Kotha S, Ghosh AK. Tetrahedron Lett. 2004; 45: 2931
- 53 Kotha S, Ghosh AK. Tetrahedron 2004; 60: 10833
- 54 Ghosh AK. Ph.D. Thesis. Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay; India: 2004
- 55 Kotha S, Kumar Gupta N, Sreevani G, Rao Panguluri N. Chem. Asian J. 2021; 16: 3649
- 56 Kotha S, Meshram M. Heterocycles 2015; 90: 357
- 57 Kotha S, Ghosh A. Indian J. Chem., Sect. B: Org. Chem. Incl. Med. Chem. 2006; 45: 227
- 58 Kotha S, Mishram M. Heterocycles 2011; 82: 1663
- 59 Kotha S, Misra S, Srinivas V. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2012; 4052
- 61 Kotha S, Ali R. Tetrahedron 2015; 71: 1597
- 62 Kotha S, Ali R. Tetrahedron Lett. 2015; 56: 2172
- 63 Kotha S, Ali R. Tetrahedron Lett. 2015; 56: 3992
- 64 Sreevani G. Ph.D. Thesis. Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay; India: 2018
- 65 Kotha S, Sreevani G. Synthesis 2018; 50: 4883
- 66a Fetzer JohnC, Winefordner JamesD. The Chemistry and Analysis of the Large Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. John Wiley & Sons; New York: 2000
- 66b Goyal H, Kumar P, Gupta R. Chem. Asian J. 2023; 18: e202300355
- 67 Kotha S, Aswar VR, Manchoju A. Tetrahedron 2016; 72: 2306
- 68a Mandal B, Karmakar I, Brahmachari G. Chem. Biodivers. 2022; 19: e202200484
- 68b Krawczyk H. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023; 24: 12066
- 69 Kotha S, Ali R. Heterocycles 2015; 99: 645
- 70 Kotha S, Khedkar P. J. Org. Chem. 2009; 74: 5667
- 71 Kotha S, Sreevani G. Heterocycles 2017; 95: 1204
- 72 Kotha S, Chavan A. J. Org. Chem. 2010; 75: 4319
- 73 Kotha S, Sreevani G. ChemistrySelect 2017; 2: 10804
- 74 Kotha S, Khedkar P, Ghosh AK. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2005; 3581
- 75 Kotha S, Kashinath D, Khedkar P. Synthesis 2007; 3357
- 76a Burke SD. In Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. Paquette LA. John Wiley & Sons; Chichester: 2001
- 76b Pelzer G, Herwig J, Keim W, Goddard R. Russ. Chem. Bull. 1998; 47: 904
- 76c Hoffman RV. Org. Synth. 1981; 60: 121
- 76d Malet-Sanz L, Madrzak J, Ley SV, Baxendale IR. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2010; 8: 5324
- 77 Vogel P, Turks M, Bouchez L, Markovic D, Varela-Álvarez A, Sordo J. Á. Acc. Chem. Res. 2007; 40: 931
- 78a Whitham GH. Organosulfur Chemistry. Oxford University Press; Oxford/New York: 1995
- 78b Organic Chemistry of Sulfur. Oae S. Plenum Press; New York: 1977
- 78c Stirling CJ. M. Organic Sulphur Chemistry: Structure, Mechanism, and Synthesis. Butterworths; London/Boston: 1975
- 78d The Chemistry of Sulphones and Sulphoxides. In Patai’s Chemistry of Functional Groups. Patai S, Rappoport Z, Stirling CJ. M. Wiley-Blackwell; New York: 1988
- 79 Kotha S, Vijayalakshmi B. Heterocycles 2015; 90: 226
- 80a Morales-Sanfrutos J, Lopez-Jaramillo FJ, Elremaily MA. A, Hernández-Mateo F, Santoyo-Gonzalez F. Molecules 2015; 20: 3565
- 80b Santos J, Rueda N, Barbosa O, Fernández-Sánchez J, Medina-Castillo A, Ramon-Marquez T, Arias-Martos M, Millán-Linares M, Pedroche J, Yust M, Gonçalves L, Fernández-Lafuente R. RSC Adv. 2015; 5: 20639
- 81 Bieniek M, Kołoda D, Grela K. Org. Lett. 2006; 8: 5689
- 82 Teyssot M, Fayolle M, Philouze C, Dupuy C. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2003; 54
- 83a Kotha S, Meshram M, Aswar VR. Chem. Asian J. 2023; 18: e202300355
- 83b Kotha S, Meshram M, Khedkar P, Banerjee S, Deodhar D. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2015; 11: 1833
- 83c Holub N, Blechert S. Chem. Asian J. 2007; 2: 1064
- 84 Kotha S, Fatma A. ChemistrySelect 2020; 5: 1929
- 85 de Jesus Hiller N, do Amaral e Silva NA, Tavares TA, Faria RX, Eberlin MN, de Luna Martins D. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2020; 4841
- 86a Farhang M, Akbarzadeh AR, Rabbani M, Ghadiri AM. Polyhedron 2022; 227: 116124
- 86b Hooshmand SE, Heidari B, Sedghi R, Varma RS. Green Chem. 2019; 21: 381
- 86c Kotha S, Meshram M. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2018; 14: 2468
- 86d Maluenda I, Navarro O. Molecules 2015; 20: 7528
- 86e Kotha S, Mandal K. Chem. Asian. J. 2009; 4: 354
- 86f Kotha S, Lahiri K. Eur. J. Org. Chem. 2007; 1221
- 86g Kotha S, Lahiri K, Kashinath D. Tetrahedron 2002; 58: 9633
- 87a António JP. M, Russo R, Carvalho CP, Cal PM. S. D, Gois PM. P. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2019; 48: 3513
- 87b Hall DG. Chem. Soc. Rev. 2019; 48: 3475
- 87c Silva MP, Saraiva L, Pinto M, Sousa ME. Molecules 2020; 25: 4323
- 88a Alshubramy MA, Alamry KA, Hussein MA. RSC Adv. 2023; 13: 14317
- 88b Antonijevic M, Rochais C, Dallemagne P. Molecules 2023; 28: 679
- 88c Kotha S, Meshram M, Punguluri NR, Shah V, Saidulu T, Shirbhate M. Chem. Asian J. 2019; 14: 1356
- 89 Kotha S, Chakraborty K, Brahmachary E. Synlett 1999; 1621
- 90 Thallapally PK, Chakraborty K, Carrell HL, Kotha S, Desiraju GR. Tetrahedron 2000; 56: 6721
- 91 Kotha S, Ghosh AK, Deodhar KD. Synthesis 2004; 549
- 92 Kotha S, Ghosh AK. Synlett 2002; 451
- 93 Kotha S, Lahiri K, Sreenivasachary N. Synthesis 2001; 1932
- 94a Ma J, Yan L, Yang J, He Y, Wu L. ChemBioChem 2024; 25: e202300481
- 94b Brytan W, Padrela L. J. Drug Delivery Sci. Technol. 2023; 89: 104992
- 94c Boto A, González CC, Hernández D, Romero-Estudillo I, Saavedra CJ. Org. Chem. Front. 2021; 8: 6720
- 94d Hou H, Wang J, Wang J, Tang W, Shaikh AS, Li Y, Fu J, Lu L, Wang F, Sun F, Tan H. J. Biomed. Nanotechnol. 2020; 16: 1687
- 94e Kotha S, Mesharam M, Rao PN. Synthesis 2019; 51: 1913
- 94f Kotha S, Lahiri K. Curr. Med. Chem. 2005; 12: 849
- 94g Kotha S. Acc. Chem. Res. 2003; 36: 342
- 95 Kotha S, Lahiri K. Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 2001; 11: 2887
- 96 Kotha S, Lahiri K. Biopolymers 2003; 69: 517
- 97 Kotha S, Ghosh AK. Synthesis 2004; 558
- 98 Kotha S, Halder S, Lahiri K. Synthesis 2002; 339
- 99 Kotha S, Kashinath D. Synthesis 2005; 971
- 100 Kotha S, Srinivas V, Krishna NG. Heterocycles 2012; 86: 1555
- 101a Sauers RR, Zampino M, Stockl M, Ferentz J, Shams H. J. Org. Chem. 1983; 48: 1862
- 101b Mlinarić-Majerski K, Veljković J, Marchand AP, Ganguly B. Tetrahedron 1998; 54: 11381
- 102 Kotha S, Sreenivasachary N, Deodhar D, Shaikh M. Acta Crystallogr. 2014; 70: 246
- 103 Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Sulfur-Containing Reagents. Paquette LA. John Wiley & Sons; Chichester: 2009
- 104a Yuan W.-C, Yang L, Zhao J.-Q, Du H.-Y, Wang Z.-H, You Y, Zhang Y.-P, Liu J, Zhang W, Zhou M.-Q. Org. Lett. 2022; 24: 4603
- 104b Chen X.-L, Wang H.-Y, Wu C.-Y, Tang B.-C, Hu Y.-L, Ma J.-T, Zhuang S.-Y, Yu Z.-C, Wu Y.-D, Wu A.-X. Org. Lett. 2022; 24: 7659
- 104c Wu Y.-H, Li C.-J, Wei Z.-L, Liao W.-W. Org. Lett. 2022; 24: 9112
- 104d Mitsudo K, Okumura Y, Yohena K, Kurimoto Y, Sato E, Suga S. Org. Lett. 2023; 25: 3476
- 104e Qi Z, Wen S, Liu S, Jiang D. Org. Lett. 2023; 25: 7322
- 104f Li H, Zhang Y, Zou X, Yang X, Zhou P, Ma X, Lu S, Sun Q, Shu C. ACS Catal. 2024; 14: 3664
- 104g Wang L, Shen Y.-T, Wang Y.-X, Wang H.-Y, Hao W.-J, Jiang B. Adv. Synth. Catal. 2023; 365: 1693
- 104h Li H, Zhang Y, Yang X, Deng Z, Zhu Z, Zhou P, Ouyang X, Yuan Y, Chen X, Yang L, Liu M, Shu C. Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. 2023; 62: e202300159
- 104i Jia X, Huang C, Zhang X, Lian Z. Org. Chem. Front. 2021; 8: 5310
- 104j Qin X.-Y, He L, Li J, Hao W.-J, Tu S.-J, Jiang B. Chem. Commun. 2019; 55: 3227
- 104k Yan J, Cheo HW, Teo WK, Shi X, Wu H, Idres SB, Deng L.-W, Wu J. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2020; 142: 11357
- 104l Singh M, Jamra R, Paul AK, Malakar CC, Singh V. Asian J. Org. Chem. 2022; 11: e202100653
- 104m Sharma S, Singh D, Kumar S, Vaishali, Jamra R, Banyal N, Deepika, Malakar CC, Singh V. Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2023; 19: 231
- 104n Deepika, Paul AK, Malakar CC, Bansal A, Singh V. Asian J. Org. Chem. 2023; 12: e202300289
- 104o Malakar CC, Merisor E, Conrad J, Beifuss U. Synlett 2010; 1766
- 104p Putta VP. R. K, Vodnala N, Gujjarappa R, Tyagi U, Garg A, Gupta S, Pujar PP, Malakar CC. J. Org. Chem. 2020; 85: 380
- 104q Reetu R, Gujjarappa R, Malakar CC. Asian J. Org. Chem. 2022; 11: e202200163
- 104r Putta VP. R. K, Gujjarappa R, Tyagi U, Pujar PP, Malakar CC. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2019; 17: 2516
- 104s Kaldhi D, Vodnala N, Gujjarappa R, Nayak S, Ravichandiran V, Gupta S, Hazra CK, Malakar CC. Tetrahedron Lett. 2019; 60: 223
- 104t Yadav VK, Srivastava VP, Yadav LD. S. Tetrahedron Lett. 2018; 59: 252
- 104u Sharma S, Malakar CC, Singh V. Asian J. Org. Chem. 2020; 9: 1857
- 104v Kant K, Patel CK, Banerjee S, Naik P, Atta AK, Kabi AK, Malakar CC. ChemistrySelect 2023; 8: e202303988
- 104w Putta VP. R. K, Polina S, Gujjarappa R, Kishore PS, Malakar CC, Pujar PP. Polycyclic Aromat. Compd. 2023; 43: 7416
- 104x Gujjarappa R, Kabi AK, Sravani S, Garg A, Vodnala N, Tyagi U, Kaldhi D, Gupta S, Malakar CC. Overview on Biological Activities of Thiazole Derivatives. In Nanostructured Biomaterials (Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials). Swain BP. Springer Nature; Singapore: 2022: 135-227
For our reviews, see: