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J Knee Surg 2021; 34(04): 372-377
DOI: 10.1055/s-0039-1696691
Original Article

Total Knee Arthroplasty among Medicare Beneficiaries with Hemophilia A and B Is Associated with Increased Complications and Higher Costs

Samuel Rosas 
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
,
Leonard T. Buller 
2   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida
,
Johannes Plate
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
,
Carlos Higuera
3   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio
,
Wael K. Barsoum
4   Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston, Florida
,
Cynthia Emory
1   Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina
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Abstract

Operations on patients with hemophilia A and B are complex. Studies evaluating postoperative outcomes and costs following total knee arthroplasty (TKA) in patients with hemophilia are limited. A retrospective review of the entire Medicare dataset from 2005 to 2014 was performed. International Classification of Disease 9th revision codes were used to identify patients with hemophilia A and B and they were matched to controls using a 1:1 random matching process based on age, gender, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and select comorbidity burden. The 90-day preoperative period was evaluated for comorbidities and the 90-day postoperative period was analyzed for outcomes and reimbursements. Logistic regression models were generated to compare outcomes between cases and controls. A total of 4,034 patients with hemophilia were identified as having undergone TKA. About 44.8% were between the ages of 65 and 74 and 62.4% were female. Although the CCI was identical in both cohorts, individual comorbidities not controlled for varied significantly. Medical complications were more frequent among the patients with hemophilia: postoperative bleeding (odds ratio [OR]: 1.7; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2–2.3), deep venous thrombosis (OR: 2.3; 95% CI: 1.8–2.8), pulmonary embolism (OR: 2.9; 95% CI: 2.1–3.9), and blood transfusions (OR: 1.8; 95% CI: 1.6–1.9). Hemophilia was associated with higher odds of periprosthetic infection (1.78 vs. 0.98%, OR: 1.8 95% CI: 1.2–2.7). The 90-day reimbursements were higher for patients with hemophilia (mean: $22,249 vs. $13,017, p < 0.001). Medicare beneficiaries with a diagnosis of hemophilia experience more frequent postoperative complications and incur greater 90-day costs than matched controls following TKA. Surgeons should consider this when optimizing patients for TKA and payors should consider this for risk-adjusting payment models.

Keywords

TKA - hemophilia - risk factors - comorbidities


Publication History

Received: 06 May 2018

Accepted: 22 July 2019

Article published online:
09 September 2019

© 2019. Thieme. All rights reserved.

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