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Semin Liver Dis 2016; 36(01): 037-047
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1571276
Thieme Medical Publishers 333 Seventh Avenue, New York, NY 10001, USA.

Targeting Dysbiosis for the Treatment of Liver Disease

Gobind Anand
1   Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California
,
Amir Zarrinpar
1   Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California
,
Rohit Loomba
1   Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California
2   NAFLD Translational Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California
› Author Affiliations
Further Information

Publication History

Publication Date:
12 February 2016 (online)

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Abstract

The gut microbiome is composed of a vast number of microbes in the gastrointestinal tract, which benefit host metabolism, aid in digestion, and contribute to normal immune function. Alterations in microbial composition can result in intestinal dysbiosis, which has been implicated in several diseases including obesity, inflammatory bowel disease, and liver diseases. Over the past several years, significant interactions between the intestinal microbiota and liver have been discovered, with possible mechanisms for the development as well as progression of liver disease and promising therapeutic targets to either prevent or halt the progression of liver disease. In this review the authors examine mechanisms of dysbiosis-induced liver disease; highlight current knowledge regarding the role of dysbiosis in nonalcoholic liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, and cirrhosis; and discuss potential therapeutic targets.

Keywords

microbiota - dysbiosis - liver disease - therapy
 

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