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Psychiatr Prax 2016; 43(05): 245-252
DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1552769
Übersicht
© Georg Thieme Verlag KG Stuttgart · New York

Welche Arbeitsbedingungen begünstigen die Entwicklung einer depressiven Störung?

Ein Integriertes Arbeitsstress-ModellWhich Working Conditions Promote the Development of Depressive Disorders?An Integrated Work-Stress-Model
Heiner Stuke
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie – Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte
,
Felix Bermpohl
Klinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie – Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte
› Author Affiliations
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Publication History

Publication Date:
10 November 2015 (online)

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Zusammenfassung

Ziel der Studie: Untersuchung, welche Arbeitsbedingungen als depressiogene Stressoren fungieren können.

Methodik: Systematische Literaturübersicht und Metaanalyse von seit 2005 erschienenen Längs- und Querschnittstudien.

Ergebnisse: Ein depressiogener Einfluss konnte durch Metaanalyse für hohe Anforderungen, insbesondere in Kombination mit geringer Selbstbestimmung, gezeigt werden. Kontextfaktoren wie Tätigkeitsprofil und kognitiver Verarbeitungsstil haben moderierende Wirkung.

Schlussfolgerung: Auf Grundlage dieser Ergebnisse wird ein Integriertes Arbeitsstress-Modell vorgeschlagen.

Abstract

Background: Epidemiological and neurobiological research suggests an association between stress and the development of depression. In this context, the question arises whether certain working conditions do act as depressogenic stressors.

Method: We systematically reviewed cross-sectional and prospective studies (published since 2005) investigating the association between working conditions and the occurrence of depression. Moreover, meta-analyses on reported effect sizes were calculated.

Results: Our meta-analyses confirmed a depressogenic effect of high job demands and the combination of high demands and low job control („Job Strain“). We did not find an effect of low job control alone. The impact of these working conditions is modulated by contextual factors like occupational grade or cognitive coping strategies.

Conclusion: Based on these results, we suggest an extended model of working conditions, coping capacities, and their relation to the development of depression. This can be utilized for strategies of occupational prevention and individual therapy.

Schlüsselwörter

Depression - Stress - Arbeitsmerkmale - Epidemiologie

Keywords

depression - stress - working conditions - epidemiology

Ergänzendes Material

 

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