Indian Journal of Plastic Surgery, Table of Contents CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 · Indian J Plast Surg 2015; 48(02): 159-164DOI: 10.4103/0970-0358.163053 Original Article Association of Plastic Surgeons of India Single nucleotide polymorphism of bone morphogenetic protein 4 gene: A risk factor of non-syndromic cleft lip with or without palate Sathyaprasad Savitha Department of Pediatric Dentistry, KVG Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India , S. M. Sharma 1 Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, AB Shetty Dental College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India , Shetty Veena 2 Department of Microbiology, KSHEMA, Mangalore, Karnataka, India , R. Rekha 3 Department of Community Medicine, KVG Medical College, Sullia, D.K, Karnataka, India › Author Affiliations Recommend Article Abstract Full Text PDF Download KEY WORDS KEY WORDSAetiology of non-syndromic cleft lip and palate - bone morphogenetic protein 4 gene - bone morphogenetic protein gene References REFERENCES 1 Kaartinen V, Cui XM, Heisterkamp N, Groffen J, Shuler CF. Transforming growth factor-beta3 regulates transdifferentiation of medial edge epithelium during palatal fusion and associated degradation of the basement membrane. Dev Dyn 1997; 209: 255-60 2 Martínez-Alvarez C, Tudela C, Pérez-Miguelsanz J, O’Kane S, Puerta J, Ferguson MW. Medial edge epithelial cell fate during palatal fusion. Dev Biol 2000; 220: 343-57 3 Meng L, Bian Z, Torensma R, Von den Hoff JW. Biological mechanisms in palatogenesis and cleft palate. J Dent Res 2009; 88: 22-33 4 Wehby GL, Cassell CH. The impact of orofacial clefts on quality of life and healthcare use and costs. 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