Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2006; 114(10): 544-548
DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-948309
Article

© J. A. Barth Verlag in Georg Thieme Verlag KG · Stuttgart · New York

Changes and Relations of Circulating Visfatin, Apelin, and Resistin Levels in Normal, Impaired Glucose Tolerance, and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects

L. Li 1 , G. Yang 2 , Q. Li 1 , Y. Tang 3 , M. Yang 2 , H. Yang 2 , K. Li 2
  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry and the Key Laboratory of Laboratory Medical Diagnostics in the Ministry of Education, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing, China
  • 2Department of Endocrinology, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing University of Medical Sciences, Chongqing, China
  • 3Oncology Research, Centocor, Inc., Malvern, Pennsylvania, USA
Further Information

Publication History

Received: April 4, 2006 First decision: May 19, 2006

Accepted: June 20, 2006

Publication Date:
19 December 2006 (online)

Abstract

Visfatin and apelin are two novel adipocyte- secreted hormone proposed to link obesity with insulin resistance. In this study we investigated whether plasma visfatin and apelin levels were altered in normal, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetic subjects. We also assessed the association between plasma visfatin, or apelin and body composition, metabolic parameters, and resistin concentrations in these subjects. The visfatin levels of fasting and 2-h post-glucose load were found to be significantly decreased in diabetics compared with the controls (P<0.05). In contrast, basal apelin levels were significantly increased in the IGT and diabetic subjects compared with the controls (P<0.05 and P<0.01). The apelin levels of 2-h post-glucose load were significantly higher than the basal levels in every group (all P<0.05). Fasting plasma visfatin was found to correlate positively and significantly with BMI, WHR, and fasting plasma resistin, but negatively with HbA1c and 2 h OGTT glucose. Multiple regression analysis showed that WHR, HbA1c, 2 h OGTT glucose were independent related factors influencing plasma visfatin levels. Fasting plasma apelin levels correlated positively with HOMA-IR, BMI, TC, LDL-C, FBG and Fasting plasma insulin. Multiple regression analysis also showed that HOMA-IR, BMI, and TC were independent related factors influencing plasma apelin levels. The present work indicates the potential link of visfatin and apelin with the pathogenesis of insulin resistance and T2DM.

References

  • 1 Zhang Y, Proenca R, Maffei M, Barone M, Leopold L, Friedmen JM. Positional cloning of the mouse obese gene and its human homologue.  Nature. 1994;  372 425-432
  • 2 Kahn CR. Insulin action, diabetogenes, and the cause of type II diabetes.  Diabetes. 1994;  43 1066-1084
  • 3 Polonsky KS, Sturis J, Bell GI. Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus-a genetically programmed failure of the beta cell to compensate for insulin resistance.  N Engl J Med. 1996;  334 777-783
  • 4 Taylor SI. Insulin resistance or insulin deficiency: which is the primary cause of NIDDM?.  Diabetes. 1994;  43 735-740
  • 5 Staiger H, Haring HU. Adipocytokines: fat-derived humoral mediators of metabolic homeostasis.  Exp Clin Endocrinol Diab. 2005;  113 67-79
  • 6 Steppen CM, Bailey ST, Bhat S, Brown EJ, Banerjee RR, Wright CM, Patel HR, Ahima RS, Lazar MA. The hormone resistin links obesity to diabetes.  Nature. 2001;  409 307-312
  • 7 Yamauchi T, Kamon J, Waki H, Terauchi Y, Kubota N, Hara K, Mori Y, Ide T, Murakami K, Tsuboyama-Kasaoka N, Ezaki O, Akanuma Y, Gavrilova O, Vinson C, Reitman ML, Kagechika H, Shudo K, Yoda M, Nakano Y, Tobe K, Nagai R, Kimura S, Tomita M, Froguel P, Kadowaki T. The fat-derived hormone adiponectin reverses insulin resistance associated with both lipoatrophy and obesity.  Nature Med. 2001;  7 941-946
  • 8 Hug C, Lodish HF. Visfatin: A new adipokine.  Science. 2005;  307 366-367
  • 9 Boucher J, Masri B, Daviaud D, Gesta S, Guigne C, Mazzucotelli A, Castan-Laurell I, Valet P. Apelin, a newly identified adipokine up-regulated by insulin and obesity.  Endocrinology. 2005;  146 1764-1771
  • 10 Fukuhara A, Matsuda M, Nishizawa M, Segawa K, Tanaka M, Kishimoto K, Matsuki Y, Murakami M, Ichisaka T, Murakami H, Watanabe E, Takagi T, Akiyoshi M, Matsuzawa Y, Shimomura I. Visfatin: a protein secreted by visceral fat that mimics the effects of insulin.  Science. 2005;  307 426-430
  • 11 Samal B, Sun Y, Stearns G, Xie C, Suggs S, McNiece I. Cloning and Characterization of the cDNA encoding a novel human pre-B-cell colonyenhancing factor.  Mol Cell Biol. 1994;  14 1431-1437
  • 12 Sorhed-Winzell M, Magnusson C, Ahren B. The apj receptor is expressed in pancreatic islets and its ligand, apelin, inhibits insulin secretion in mice.  Regul Pept. 2005;  131 12-17
  • 13 Chen MP, Chung FM, Chang DM, Tsal JCR, Huang HF, Shin SJ, Lee YJ. Elevated plasma level of Visfatin/Pre-B cell colony-enhancing factor in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.  J Clin Endocrinol Meta. 2005;  18 1475-1482
  • 14 Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus.  Diabetes Care. 1997;  20 1183-97
  • 15 World Health Organiztion (WHO) .Measuring obesity-classification and description of anthropometric data. Copenhagen: WHO (EUR/ICP/NUT 125) 1997
  • 16 Haider DG, Schindler K, Schaller G, Prager G, Wolzt M, Ludvik B. Increased plasma visfatin concentrations in morbidly obese subjects are reduced after gastric banding.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2006;  31 , [Epub ahead of print].
  • 17 Berndt J, Kloting N, Kralisch S, Kovacs P, Fasshauer M, Schon MR, Stumoll M, Bluher M. Plasma visfatin concentrations and fat depot-specific mRNA expresssion in humans.  Diabetes. 2005;  10 2911-2916
  • 18 Kloting N, Kloting I. Visfatin: gene expression in isolated adipocytes and sequence analysis in obese WOKW rats compared with lean control rats.  Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2005;  332 1070-1072
  • 19 Steppan CM, Lazar MA. The current biology of resistin.  J Intern Med. 2004;  255 439-447
  • 20 Banerjee RR, Rangwala SM, Shapiro JS, Rich AS, Rhoades B, Qi Y, Wang J, Rajala MW, Pocai A, Scherer PE, Steppan CM, Ahima RS, Obici S, Rossetti L, Lazar MA. Regulation of fasted blood glucose by resistin.  Science. 2004;  303 1195-1198
  • 21 Lee JH, Chan JL, Yiannakouris N. Circulating resistin levels are not associated with obesity or insulin resistance in huamns and are not regulated by fasting or leptin administration: cross-sectional and interventional studies in normal, insulin resistance, and diabetic subjects.  J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 2003;  88 4848-4858
  • 22 Rea R, Donnelly R. Resistin: an adipocyte-derived hormone. Has it a role in diabetes and obesity?.  Diabetes Obes Metab. 2004;  6 163-170
  • 23 Savage DB, Sewter CP, Klenk ES, Segal DG, Vidal-Puig RV, Considine A, O’Rahilly S. Resistin/Fizz3 expression in relation to obesity and peroxisime proliferator-activated receptor-gamma action in humans.  Diabetes. 2001;  50 2199-2202

Correspondence

Dr. Ling Li

Department of Clinical Biochemistry

Chongqing University of Medical Sciences

Chongqing

400010

China

Phone: +86/23/68 48 61 15

Fax: +86/23/68 48 61 15

Email: lingli31@yahoo.com.cn